喷管热防护结构热应力的有限体积法研究  

Research on thermal stress in nozzle thermal protection structures using the finite volume method

作　　者：梁冰 董瑞 马源 刘晓刚 明平剑 LIANG Bing;DONG Rui;MA Yuan;LIU Xiaogang;MING Pingjian(Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中法核工程与技术学院,珠海519082 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2024年第6期893-904,共12页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：针对喷管热防护结构的热应力问题,采用有限体积法(FVM)建立了轴对称各向异性热应力求解算法,并开发了计算程序。该方法基于连续介质假设,应用FVM离散方法固体热弹性方程,采用体积源项方法处理轴对称问题,并通过矩阵转换处理弹性矩阵与面积矢量以考虑材料的各向异性,材料界面处力学参数采用中心差分方法插值,通过迭代法解决材料力学参数随温度变化的非线性问题。为了验证所开发程序的准确性和有效性,使用4个基础算例进行了测试,并将计算结果与有限元法(FEM)进行了对比。结果表明,提出的算法能够准确求解各向异性复合材料的热应力问题;喷管扩张段尾部仿真结果显示热-机载荷共同作用下的位移量为机械载荷下的2.65倍。To investigate thermal stress within nozzle thermal protection structures,an axisymmetric anisotropic thermal stress solution procedure was developed using the finite volume method.The program capitalizes on the formal similarity between the solid and fluid control equations,using discretization methods from Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)for discretizing the solid thermoelastic equations.The volume source method was utilized to handle axisymmetric aspects,integrating the elastic matrix and area vector to account for material anisotropy.The mechanical parameters at material interfaces were interpolated using the central difference method.An iterative approach was adopted to tackle the nonlinearity arising from temperature-dependent material mechanical properties.To validate the accuriency and efficacy of the developed procedure,four benchmark cases were examined,and computational results were compared against that by using the Finite Element Method(FEM).The results show that the axisymmetric thermal stress solution procedure for thermal protection materials,within a cohesive framework,can accurately resolve the thermo-mechanical coupling issues in anisotropic composite materials,the displacement magnitude at the nozzle's expansion section tail is 2.65 times greater deformation under thermo-mechanical loads compared to pressure loads alone.

关 键 词：喷管 热防护材料 有限体积法 轴对称 热应力 

分 类 号：V435[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]