芥菜型油菜叶片刺毛与抗旱性的关系  

Relationship between Leaf Prickles and Drought Resistance in Brassica juncea

作　　者：李亚鹏 李蓉 刘丽君 武军艳[1] 范婷婷 蒲媛媛[1] 马骊[1] 王旺田[2] 马伟明 宋小佳 张天宇[1] 杨刚[1] 孙万仓[1] LI Yapeng;LI Rong;LIU Lijun;WU Junyan;FAN Tingting;PU Yuanyuan;MA Li;WANG Wangtian;MA Weiming;SONG Xiaojia;ZHANG Tianyu;YANG Gang;SUN Wancang(Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院/干旱生境作物国家重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2025年第2期200-210,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6NA009);甘肃省现代寒旱农业科技支撑项目(KJZC-2023-12);甘肃省高校产业支撑计划(2023CYZC-51)。

摘　　要：为研究干旱胁迫下芥菜型油菜叶片刺毛有无与抗旱性的关系,本试验以叶片无刺毛的红叶芥与叶片有刺毛的陕西冬芥两个芥菜型油菜品种为材料,采用盆栽控水法,对不同干旱胁迫处理下植株表型、光合交换参数、渗透调节物质、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素荧光和叶片气孔进行综合分析。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫的加剧,两种不同叶片结构油菜的抗旱指标表现差异,植株的萎蔫程度、叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、叶片气孔数量、气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光均呈现降低趋势,陕西冬芥的光合系统相较红叶芥影响较小;丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈现升高趋势,陕西冬芥的SOD、POD和CAT的活性较红叶芥升幅显著升高,干旱下分别为胁迫前的1.06倍、1.39倍、1.38倍。相关性分析表明抗旱性强弱与刺毛密切相关,有刺毛的陕西冬芥抗旱性强于无刺毛的红叶芥。综上,芥菜型油菜可以通过植株表型、光合交换参数、渗透调节物质、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素荧光和叶片气孔途径共同作用来响应干旱胁迫,并且有刺毛的芥菜型油菜抗旱性强于无刺毛的芥菜型油菜。This study investigates the relationship between the leaf prickles and drought tolerance in Brassica juncea.The experiment used red leaf juncea with prickles and Shaanxi winter juncea without prickles as materials.A water-controlled potting method was used to comprehensively analyze plant phenotypes,photosynthetic exchange parameters,osmotic regulating substances,chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activities,chlorophyll fluorescence,and leaf stomata under varying drought stress treatments.The results showed that drought tolerance indexes differed between the two-leaf structures of oilseed rape as drought stress intensified.The degree of wilting,the relative water content,chlorophyll content,number of leaf stomata,gas exchange parameter,and chlorophyll fluorescence all decreased.The photosynthetic system of Shaanxi winter juncea was less affected than that of red leaf juncea.Malondialdehyde(MDA),proline(Pro),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)all exhibited an increasing trend.The activities of SOD,POD and CAT of Shaanxi winter juncea were significantly higher than those in red leaf juncea,and were 1.06,1.39 and 1.38 times higher than those of the pre-stress period under drought,respectively.Correlation analysis showed a close relationship between drought resistance and leaf prickles,indicating that Shaanxi winter juncea with leaf prickles exhibited greater drought resistance than red leaf juncea without them.In conclusion,Brassica juncea responds to drought stress through various mechanisms,including plant phenotype,photosynthetic exchange parameters,osmotic regulating substances,chlorophyll content,and antioxidant enzyme activities.

关 键 词：芥菜型油菜 干旱胁迫 叶片刺毛 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]