基于宏基因组的西藏拉鲁湿地原生生物多样性研究  

Protist Diversity in the Lhalu Wetland of Tibet Based on Metagenomic Sequencing

作　　者：杨方典 张鹏 罗帅 熊雄[2] 熊杰 缪炜[2] YANG Fangdian;ZHANG Peng;LUO Shuai;XIONG xiong;XIONG Jie;MIAO Wei(College of science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,P.R.China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第1期81-89,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019 QZ-KK0304);国家自然科学基金项目(32070418)。

摘　　要：探究拉鲁湿地原生生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系,为生物资源保护及水环境保护提供资料。2020年8—9月在拉鲁湿地10个采样点进行环境DNA样品采集和水环境因子的测定,并基于宏基因组技术,鉴定了拉鲁湿地原生生物的种类和群落结构,考察了影响拉鲁湿地原生生物多样性的环境因素。主要结果如下:(1)拉鲁湿地原生生物共鉴定421个OTUs,隶属于21门35纲84目105科140属,其中裸藻门、纤毛门和丝足虫门种类最多,丝足虫门、硅藻门和纤毛门丰度最高;(2)拉鲁湿地不同区域原生生物多样性存在显著差异,源头处生物多样性高,各类群分布较均匀;湿地内部生物多样性也处于较高水平,主要为丝足虫门和硅藻门;下游生物多样性较低,主要为丝足虫门和纤毛门;(3)拉鲁湿地原生生物多样性受到多种水环境因子的影响,水体富营养化程度高的区域原生生物多样性相对低。不同类群原生生物与环境因子呈以下相关性:裸藻门与总磷、总氮和浊度呈正相关,硅藻则与总磷和总氮呈负相关,纤毛门与总磷和酸碱度呈正相关,丝足虫门与水中溶氧和酸碱度呈明显负相关。Lhalu wetland plays an important role in promoting the virtuous cycle of Lhasa's urban ecosys-tem and improving the quality of the urban environment.In this study,we explored the diversity and com-munity structure of protists in Lhalu wetland as well as its relationship with environment factors.Our aim was to provide data to help conserve regional biological resources and the aquatic environment,and to protect and utilize biodiversity.During August and September of 2020,environmental DNA samples were collected at 10 sites in Lhalu wetland(S1 and S2 as upstream sites;S3-S8 as wetland sites,and S9 and S10 as downstream sites).The species and community structure of protists in the Lhalu wetland were identified based on metagenomic sequencing,and water samples were collected simultaneously for deter-mination of environmental factors.Results are as follows:(1)A total of 421 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were identified,belonging to 140 genera,105 families 84 orders,35 classes,and 21 phyla.Among them,Euglenozoa,Ciliophora and Cercozoa had the highest species richness,while Cercozoa,Bacillariophyta and Ciliophora had the highest abundance.(2)There were significant differences in the di-versity of protists in different regions of Lhalu wetland.The diversity of protists was high in the upstream sites,and the distribution among various groups was quite even.Protist biodiversity in the wetland was al-so high,especially the Cercozoa and Bacillariophyta.Protist diversity was low in the downstream sites,and the primary groups were Cercozoa and Ciliophora.(3)Protist diversity was affected by a variety of environmental factors.In general,the diversity was low at sites with high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus.The relationship between different protist groups and environmental factors was as follows:Euglenozoa was positively correlated with total phosphorus,total nitrogen and turbidity;Bacillariophyta was negatively correlated with total phosphorus and total nitrogen;Ciliophora was positively correlated with total ph

关 键 词：原生生物 生物多样性 宏基因组测序 拉鲁湿地 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]