白龙江流域丰水期浮游植物组成对土地利用及水环境的响应  

Response of Phytoplankton to Land Use and Water Quality in Bailong River Basin During Wet Season

作　　者：兰伟 吴晓龙 杜延青 刘倩[1] LAN Wei;WU Xiaolong;DU Yanqing;LIU Qian(National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Institute of Lake Environment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science,Beijing 100012,P.R.China;Beijing Institute of Economics and Management,Beijing 100102,P.R.China;Jinan Eagleland Environmental Protection Technology Co,Ltd,Jinan 250000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境研究所,北京100012 [2]北京经济管理职业学院,北京100102 [3]济南新鸿大地环保科技有限公司,山东济南250000

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第1期111-121,共11页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3204002)。

摘　　要：揭示浮游植物组成与土地利用和水环境因子的响应关系,为白龙江流域水生态保护提供科学依据。2021年6—8月对陇南市白龙江流域开展丰水期浮游植物群落组成及水质调查,并基于水体理化参数和河流缓冲区土地利用格局,采用相关性分析、主成分分析(PCA)和冗余分析(RDA)等方法探究浮游植物特征变化的关键驱动因子,揭示土地利用与水质的耦合效应对浮游植物的影响。研究共鉴定出浮游植物6门73种,以硅藻和绿藻为主,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′、Magalef丰富度指数d及均匀度指数J′分别为1.82~2.72、4.93~7.46和0.67~0.89,平均值分别为2.32、6.02和0.79。相关性和主成分分析结果表明:陇南市白龙江流域浮游植物主要受水温、溶解氧、总氮、总磷以及耕地、建设用地、林地因素影响,其中理化参数对浮游植物变化的解释率高于土地利用。冗余分析结果表明:硅藻与水温、总氮和总磷呈显著正相关,且总磷相关性高于总氮;蓝藻和绿藻与溶解氧呈正相关;蓝藻与总氮呈负相关,与总磷相关性并不显著;硅藻和裸藻受人为活动和面源污染的影响,与建设用地、耕地呈显著正相关。耕地和建设用地面积与水体氮磷浓度呈显著正相关。土地利用类型是影响水体氮磷浓度的主要因素,且土地利用和营养盐的耦合效应共同作用于浮游植物群落变化。In this study,Bailong River basin in the Longnan region was selected for research,and we explored the response of the phytoplankton community to land use and water quality.We aimed to provide scientific evidence for protecting water quality and biodiversity in the basin.From June to August 2021(wet season),a phytoplankton and water quality investigation was conducted at 17 sam-pling sites in the Bailong River basin.Correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA)and redundancy analysis(RDA)were used to analyze the resulting data and identify key drivers of phyto-plankton community composition and the combined effects of land use and water quality parameters on changes in the phytoplankton community.A total of 73 phytoplankton species from 6 phyla were identified,with dominance by Bacillariophyta(33 species,45.21%)and Chlorophyta(24 species,32.88%).The Shannon-Wiener diversity(H′),Magalef richness(d)and evenness(J′)indices of the phytoplankton community were in the respective ranges of 1.82-2.72,4.93-7.46,and 0.67-0.89,with average values of 2.32,6.02 and 0.79.Correlation and principal component analysis showed that the phytoplankton community was primarily affected by water temperature,dissolved oxygen,TN,TP,farmland,built-up land and forest land,and the explanatory power of water quality parameters on phytoplankton community composition was higher than that of land use.Bacillariophyta abundance was positively correlated with water temperature,TN,TP,and the correlation with TP was higher than that with TN.The abundances of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta were positively correlated with dissolved oxygen,while Cyanophyta abundance was negatively correlated with TN and correlation with TP was not significant.Under the influence of human activities and non-point source pollution,Bacillariophyta and Crytophyta were positively correlated with built-up land and farmland.There was also a significant positive correlation between the area of built-up land,farmland and the concentra-tion of nitrogen and phosphorus.Land

关 键 词：浮游植物 土地利用 主成分分析 冗余分析 白龙江流域 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] X171.1[生物学—普通生物学]