升温、富营养化和除草剂污染对浮游动物群落影响的综合效应  

Combined Effects of Warming,Eutrophication and Herbicide Pollution on Zooplankton Communities

作　　者：王雨路 张欢[1] 龚迎春[1] 张培育[1] 何雨晗 魏朝军[3] 张敏[4] 徐军[1] WANG Yuu;ZHANG Huan;GONG Yingchun;ZHANG Peiyu;HE Yuhan;WEI Chaojun;ZHANG Min;XU Jun(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;Hydrobiological Data Analysis Center,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院水生生物研究所,水生生物数据分析管理平台,湖北武汉430072 [4]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第1期143-154,共12页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900901);中国科学院率先行动“引才计划”项目。

摘　　要：研究浮游动物群落在全球变化背景下对多重压力源作用的响应,可预测未来水环境变化趋势,为环境监测和保护工作提供参考。2020年6—11月设计3因素室外中宇宙模拟实验,通过升温、添加氮磷(富营养化)、添加除草剂草甘膦,探究浅水湖泊在这3个因子单独和联合作用下,浮游动物群落的变化。结果表明:在升温处理下,轮虫和浮游动物的总丰度与生物量都受到抑制,而富营养化对枝角类和浮游动物的总丰度与生物量均有促进作用;升温处理增加了浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数,而草甘膦污染导致多样性指数和均匀度指数降低;升温和富营养化是影响浮游动物功能群的重要因素;持续升温和草甘膦的交互作用缓解了升温对轮虫的抑制作用;而多重热浪增温和富营养化的联合作用则降低了优势功能群原生动物食藻者/食菌者(PA/PB)的占比;不同压力源的共同作用会形成交互作用,使水环境和浮游动物群落变化的情况更加复杂,在气候变化的情形下对水生态系统未来变化的预测更加困难。Zooplankton play a key role in aquatic ecosystems,and high sensitivity to environmental changes makes zooplankton an important indicator of water quality.In this study,we explored the re-sponse of the zooplankton community to multiple stressors in shallow lakes using an outdoor meso-cosm simulation experiment,aiming to provide guidance and insight for environmental monitoring and conservation.The experiment was conducted from June to November of 2020,and mesocosm simulation experiment was set under the stresses of climate warming,eutrophication(nutrient enrich-ment),and herbicide(glyphosate)pollution,singly and in combination.A total of 12 treatments with 4 replicates were designed,and at the end of experiment,water environmental parameters and zoo-plankton community structure and functional groups were determined for each treatment.A total of 72 zooplankton species were identified in the mesocosms,including 21 protozoans(14 genera),30 ro-tifers(17 genera),13 cladocerans(11 genera),and 8 copepods(7 genera).The abundance and bio-mass of rotifers and of total zooplankton were reduced by warming,and eutrophication increased the abundance and biomass of cladocera and total zooplankton.Warming increased the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices of the zooplankton community,whereas glyphosate decreased the diversity and evenness indices.The dominant functional groups in the mesocosms included proto-zoan algivores(PA),protozoan algivores and bacterivores(PA/PB),rotifer filter feeders(RF),rotifer predators(RP),rotifer suckers(RS),small copepods and cladocera filter feeders(SCF)and large co-pepods and cladocera filter feeders(LCF).Warming and eutrophication were found to be the impor-tant factors affecting the composition of zooplankton functional groups.The interaction of continuous warming and glyphosate mitigated the inhibition of warming on rotifers.However,the combined ef-fects of eutrophication and warming with multiple heatwaves reduced the dominance of the dominant functional group PA/PB.The interac

关 键 词：浮游动物 功能群 全球变化 多重压力源 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]