独立支撑三维石墨泡沫制备及电热性能研究  

Study on preparation and electrothermal performance of self-supported 3D graphite foam

作　　者：毛博 丁佩[1,2] 任梦帅 牛璐阳 袁志 贾璇 王支缓 Mao Bo;Ding Pei;Ren Mengshuai;Niu Luyang;Yuan Zhi;Jia Xuan;Wang Zhihuan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046;Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Applied Technologies,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]郑州航空工业管理学院材料学院,郑州450046 [2]郑州航空工业管理学院河南省航空材料与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450046

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2025年第1期254-260,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(242102231009);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24A140024);郑州航院研究生教育创新项目(2023CX65)。

摘　　要：作为一种新型的三维石墨烯材料,石墨烯泡沫具有独特的网络/骨架结构,在诸多领域表现出比二维石墨烯更大的性能优势,但其自身结构的高孔隙率和低机械强度也给石墨烯泡沫的应用带来很大限制。采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法,以2mm厚商用泡沫镍为生长模版制备出石墨烯片/层厚度在150~350nm,可独立支撑的三维石墨泡沫。进一步通过优化制备过程的碳氢比和压缩生长模板,获得了高质量的压缩石墨泡沫。实验证实石墨烯层更厚,结晶度更高,网络骨架结构更加致密的压缩石墨泡沫具有十分优越的电热性能。在3V的低驱动电压下,适度压缩的高质量石墨泡沫电加热温度可达580℃,比常规制备石墨泡沫加热温度提升了220℃左右。还证实了压缩石墨泡沫电热除冰效果显著,在具有高效传导加热的同时,兼具优越的辐射加热能力。作为一种高效节能的新型电热材料,压缩石墨泡沫在家用电器、人工智能、健康医疗、能源、热管理等领域都有巨大的潜在应用价值。As a new type of three-dimensional(3D)graphene material,graphene foam has a unique network/skeleton structure,and shows greater performance advantages than two-dimensional(2D)graphene in many fields.However,the high porosity and low mechanical strength of its own structure also limit the application of graphene foam.In this paper,a self-supported 3D graphene foam with graphene sheet/layer thickness of 150~350nm was prepared by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method using 2mm thick commercial nickel foam as growth template.Further,high-quality compressed graphite foam was obtained by optimizing the carbon-to-hydrogen ratio and compressing the growth template during the preparation process.Experimental studies confirmed that the compressed graphite foam with thicker graphene layer,higher crystallinity and denser network skeleton structure had excellent electrothermal performance.Under the low driving voltage of 3V,the electric heating temperature of the moderately compressed high-quality graphite foam could reach 580℃,which was about 220℃higher than that of conventionally prepared graphite foam.The research also demonstrated that the electrothermal de-icing effect of the compressed graphite foam was remarkable,and it had both highly efficient conduction heating and superior radiative heating capability.As a new kind of electric heating material with high efficiency and energy saving,compressed graphite foam has great potential application value in household appliances,artificial intelligence,health care,energy,thermal management and other fields.

关 键 词：石墨烯 石墨泡沫 电热 除冰 独立支撑 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB383