基于受控遗传算法的离轴三反光学系统设计  

Design of Off-axis Three-mirror Optical System Based on Controlled Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：王江涛 王虎[1,2,3] 马占鹏 薛要克 王星艳[1,2,3] 连进 WANG Jiangtao;WANG Hu;MA Zhanpeng;XUE Yaoke;WANG Xingyan;LIAN Jin(Space Optics Technology Lab,Xi′an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi′an 710119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Xi′an Space Sensor Optical Technology Engineering Research Center,Xi′an 710119,China;Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所空间光学技术研究室,西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西安市空间敏感器光学技术工程研究中心,西安710119 [4]中国科学院青年创新促进会,北京100029

出　　处：《光子学报》2024年第12期68-80,共13页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFC2202104)。

摘　　要：针对离轴三反光学系统初始结构少,大视场离轴像差优化过程复杂的问题,提出一种将传统光学设计与优化算法相结合的解决方案。通过对指标的参数分析确定结构选型,利用像差理论结合受控遗传算法计算同轴三反系统初始结构,再对系统进行离轴化并逐步扩大视场,引入自由曲面校正离轴系统产生的非对称像差,实现高质量大视场成像。以一款视场为30°×20°,焦距为110 mm,F数为2.2,工作波段在3~5μm的光学系统为例,设计结果表明光学传递函数MTF接近衍射极限,在奈奎斯特频率25 lp/mm处优于0.6,全视场最大均方根RMS光斑半径值约为6.3μm,最大畸变小于10%,验证了该方法在大视场离轴三反光学系统设计过程中的有效性,对于大视场离轴系统的设计具有一定参考意义。With the rapid development of optical technology,the application demand of high-performance optical systems in various fields is growing steadily.Especially in the fields of aerospace remote sensing,astronomical observation,scientific exploration and other fields,the performance requirements of optical systems are becoming more and more stringent.These systems are expected to have larger fields of view and broader detection bands.Reflective optical systems,which are free from chromatic aberration and can achieve large apertures while being lightweight,have garnered significant attention in satellite remote sensing.At present,in optical design,it is commonly used to find an initial structure that is similar to the design goal as a starting point for optimal design.The damping least squares method employed by optical design software in the optimization process is more sensitive to the selection of initial values.If the initial values are not selected properly,the optimization process may fail to converge or may converge to a local optimal solution,thereby failing to reach the global optimal solution.The initial structure of the off-axis reflection system is small and it is difficult to find the initial structure.Therefore,it is commonly used to design the coaxial system first and then optimize the off-axis system.To address this problem,this paper proposes a solution that combines traditional optical design with optimization algorithms.This solution makes up for the shortcoming that design software easily falls into local optimal solutions,so that the final optical system not only guarantees the global optimal solution to the greatest extent,but also has strict ray tracing calculations.Firstly,the relationship between system parameters and structural form,main mirror type,and imaging times is analyzed to provide a more reasonable range for parameter selection during the initial structure calculation process,thereby reducing the amount of calculation.Secondly,based on the aberration analysis of the coaxial three-mir

关 键 词：光学设计 离轴三反系统 受控遗传算法 自由曲面 大视场 

分 类 号：TN216[电子电信—物理电子学]