回归玛雅文明:阿斯图里亚斯《危地马拉传说》中的危地马拉城  

Return to the Mayan Civilization:Guatemala City in Asturias's Leyendas de Guatemala

作　　者：曾琳 Zeng Lin(School of Foreign Languages,Peking University;School of European Languages,Literature and Culture,Beijing International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院 [2]北京第二外国语学院欧洲学院

出　　处：《探索与批评》2024年第2期97-109,共13页Inquiry and Criticism

摘　　要：《危地马拉传说》是1967年诺贝尔文学奖得主米格尔·安赫尔·阿斯图里亚斯的第一部短篇小说集。作者通过叙写中部美洲的经典民间传说,追忆自己的故乡危地马拉城,表达了他对世世代代生活在这片土地上的印第安人命运的关切。作品中出现了诸多环抱于山川湖泊之中、幽藏在热带雨林深处的印第安古城,作为多元文化、多重历史时期的交汇点,它们不仅是布满岁月足迹的原始城镇,而且是承载民族集体记忆的空间,生生不息的民族精神力量在那里得以存续。本文试图结合阿斯图里亚斯早年的社会思想和政治活动,研究此作如何诠释危地马拉城的历史记忆和人文内涵,揭示印第安文明在作者早期文学创作中的表现形式。通过这部作品,我们可以看出阿斯图里亚斯重视神话故事的文化价值,其文学实践趋向吸纳人类学和史学的研究成果,描摹和探寻拉美人共同的精神故乡。Miguel Angel Asturias's Leyendas de Guatemala recounts the classic folklore of the Mesoamerican Indians,reminiscing about his hometown,Guatemala City and caring for the fate of the Indians who have lived on this land for generations.The work depicts several ancient Indian cities surrounded by mountains and lakes and hidden deep in the rainforest.As the intersection of multicultural and multiple historical periods,these cities are not only primitive towns covered with the footprints of the years,but also a space that carries the collective memory of the nation,where the national spirit is continuously revitalized.In this poetic collection of short stories,the author's reflections on cities,people,and nature are the vivid embodiment of the Indian worldview in Asturias's early works.Therefore,combining Asturias's early social thoughts and political activities,this paper discusses the historical memory and cultural heritage of Guatemala City,and expounds the Mayan civilization in the writer's early works.Thus,Asturias's work provides a contemporary view of the cultural values of Mayan mythology,incorporating anthropological and historical research,in search for a spiritual homeland for Latin Americans.

关 键 词：《危地马拉传说》 阿斯图里亚斯 危地马拉城 玛雅文明 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]