北极原住民权益维护的新近趋势研究及中国因应——以国家北极战略文件为主要对象  

The Research on the Recent Trend of Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Arctic Indigenous Peoples and China's Response Based on National Arctic Strategy Document

作　　者：李文杰 吴竞超 Li Wenjie;Wu Jingchao(Law School,University of International Relations,Beijing 10091,China;China Institute for Marine Affairs,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100860,China)

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院法学院,北京100091 [2]自然资源部海洋发展战略研究所,北京100860

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“海上平时军事活动的管辖权问题研究”(20CFX081)。

摘　　要：由全球气候升温所致,北极地区的竞争博弈愈发激烈,原住民现已成为各国竞相争取的重要对象,更新北极战略文件中有关原住民维权的政策则为主要表现手段。在环北极国家中,原住民比例最高的俄罗斯、加拿大与美国三国,均于近几年中更新了原版战略文件,其中有关原住民的内容获得大幅拓展及具体化,相比以往占据了战略核心地位。北极理事会观察员国虽身处北极地区外,但同样选择以修订战略文件的方式对原住民权益表达关注,其突出特征是通过不同角度或优势领域以求将自身塑造为北极地区的贡献者或被需要者。在前述形势下,我国可考虑适时更新原有战略。不仅应拓展相关内容的篇幅并提出更加具体的措施,注重结合原住民的切身需要与我国的优势领域进行切入,同时应关注韩日在相关问题上的动向并于必要时推进共同合作。Due to global warming,the competition among countries in the Arctic region has become increasingly fierce.Arctic indigenous peoples have now become an important target for various countries to win over,and updating the policies on indigenous rights protection in national Arctic strategic documents is the main means.Among the Arctic countries,Russia,Canada and the United States,which have the highest proportion of indigenous peoples,have updated their original strategic documents in recent years.The content of the new documents on indigenous peoples has not only been greatly expanded and specified,but the key change is that the content has gained a strategic core position compared with the past.Although the Arctic Council observer states are located outside the Arctic region,they also express their concern for indigenous rights by revising their strategic documents.Its prominent feature is to try to shape themselves as contributors or needed parties in the Arctic region through different angles or areas of strength.Under the above situation,China may consider updating its original strategy in due course.Not only should the relevant content be expanded and more specific measures be proposed,but attention should also be paid to combining the immediate needs of indigenous peoples with China's areas of strength,as well as noticing the movements of South Korea and Japan on related issues and promoting joint cooperation when necessary.

关 键 词：北极战略 原住民权益 气候变化 全球治理 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]