抽水蓄能电站上下库进出水口数值模拟分析研究  

Numerical simulation analysis and research on inlet and outlet of upper and lower reservoirs of pumped storage power station

作　　者：王科 李娇娜 张超 彭翔 WANG Ke;LI Jiaona;ZHANG Chao;PENG Xiang(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;The Administrative Office of the Gaiziku River Basin in Kashgar Prefecture,Kashgar 844099,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]喀什地区盖孜库山河流域管理处,新疆喀什844099

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2025年第1期84-91,共8页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：长江设计公司生产科研项目(CX2021S015)。

摘　　要：进/出水口是水电站引水建筑物的重要组成部分,其水力特性对于降低发电水头损失至关重要。为了降低进/出水口进流和出流时,因为吸气漩涡、逆向流等各种不利因素造成的水头损失对发电效益的影响,利用三维数学模型进行数值分析,以进/出水口流态、各流道分流比、拦污栅断面流速分布均匀性及水头损失等作为主要评价指标,对安徽省石台抽水蓄能电站上、下库进/出水口布置与体型进行了验证及优化,提出了推荐方案。结果表明:优化方案能有效改善进出水口的流态、流速不均匀系数和降低其水头损失,①推荐方案进/出水口进出流时各流道分流比为20.58%~30.45%,出流时为20.8%~27.91%,相邻边、中孔流道的流量不均匀程度均未超过10%,较为顺畅,未见吸气漩涡、强回流等不利流态,水流流态较好;②各孔流道内水流流速、流道间流量分配均匀性较好,进/出水口进流时拦污栅断面流速不均匀系数小于1.5,出流时小于2.0,满足相关规程要求;③进/出水口进流时水头损失系数0.28~0.30,出流时水头损失系数0.44~0.46,均符合规范要求。研究结果可供类似工程设计人员参考。The inlet and outlet are pivotal elements of hydropower station water intake structures,and their hydraulic characteristics are essential for reducing head loss.To mitigate the impact of head loss caused by adverse factors such as air entrainment vortices and reverse flow during inflow and outflow,a three-dimensional mathematical model was utilized for numerical simulation and analysis.Key evaluation indicators encompassed the flow patterns at the inlet/outlet,the distribution ratio of flow among channels,the uniformity of flow velocity distribution at the trash rack cross-section,and head loss.This study validated and optimized the layout and geometry of the inlet and outlet for the upper and lower reservoirs of the Shitai Pumped Storage Power Station in Anhui Province.A recommended scheme was proposed based on the findings.The results demonstrated that the optimized scheme significantly improved the flow conditions at the inlet and outlet,enhanced the uniformity of flow velocity,and reduced head loss.It was found that①The distribution ratios of flow among channels during inflow and outflow were 20.58%to 30.45%and 20.8%to 27.91%,respectively.The flow uniformity of the adjacent edges and middle channel remained below 10%,indicating smooth flow conditions without adverse flow patterns such as air entrainment vortices or strong backflow.②The flow velocities within each channel and the distribution of flow between channels exhibited high uniformity,with the non-uniformity coefficient of the trash rack cross-section during inflow being below 1.5,and during outflow being less than 2.0,thus meeting relevant regulatory requirements.③The head loss coefficients during inflow ranged from 0.28 to 0.30,and during outflow from 0.44 to 0.46,all complying with specifications.The research outcomes can serve as a reference for similar engineering projects design.

关 键 词：数学模型 流态 分流比 流速分布均匀性 水头损失 石台抽水蓄能电站 

分 类 号：TV743[水利工程—水利水电工程]