院前急救应用抗蛇毒血清对毒蛇咬伤患者的影响分析  

Analysis of the influence of antivenom applied in pre-hospital first aid on patients bitten by venomous snakes

作　　者：蒋英桥 JIANG Yingqiao(Department of Emergency,Guangji Hospital,Hezhou City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,542800,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区贺州广济医院急诊科,广西贺州542800

出　　处：《蛇志》2024年第4期412-415,共4页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：目的分析院前急救应用抗蛇毒血清对毒蛇咬伤患者效果的影响。方法选取我院急诊医学科2023年1~12月收治的毒蛇咬伤患者50例,依据院前急救中是否使用抗蛇毒血清进行分组,将18例院前急救中未使用抗蛇毒血清的患者分为对照组,将32例院前急救中使用抗蛇毒血清的患者分为观察组。比较两组患者的救治时间、凝血功能恢复时间、肢体肿胀完全消退时间、住院时间、住院费用、凝血指标[凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)]改善情况及并发症发生率。结果观察组的救治时间、凝血功能恢复时间、肢体肿胀完全消退时间、住院时间均短于对照组,住院费用少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组经急诊治疗72 h后的凝血指标改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在院前急救中应用抗蛇毒血清可提高毒蛇咬伤患者的临床效果,缩短住院时间,降低治疗费用,值得推广。Objective To analyze the effect of antivenoms applied in pre-hospital emergency treatment on patients bitten by poisonous snakes.Methods Fifty patients with venomous snake bite admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of our hospital from January to December 2023 were selected and divided into groups according to whether antivenoms were used in pr-hospital first aid.18 patients who were not used antivenoms in pre-hospital first aid were divided into control group and 32 patients who were used antivenoms in pre-hospital first aid were divided into observation group.The improvement of treatment time,recovery time of coagulation function,time of complete regression of limb swelling,length of hospital stay,hospitalization cost,coagulation index[prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT)]and complication rate of the two groups were compared.Results The treatment time,coagulation function recovery time,limb swelling completely subside time and hospital stay of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,and the hospitalization cost was lower than that of the control group,with statistical significance(all P<0.05).After 72 h of emergency treatment,the improvement of coagulation index in the observation group was better than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of antivenom in pre-hospital first aid can improve the clinical effect of venomous snake bite patients,shorten the length of hospital stay,reduce the cost of treatment,it is worth popularizing.

关 键 词：毒蛇咬伤 院前急救 抗蛇毒血清 凝血功能 并发症 

分 类 号：R646[医药卫生—外科学]