果树穴贮砖对南疆温室软籽石榴光合特性及氮素吸收的影响  

Effect of Fruit Tree Hole Water Storage Bricks on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Nitrogen Uptake in Greenhouse Soft-seeded Pomegranates in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：梁天强 曹高辉 王祥兵 葸金山 张光鑫 张换换 赵丰云 刁明[1] 白茹[1] 唐诚[1] 于坤[1] LIANG Tianqiang;CAO Gaohui;WANG Xiangbing;XI Jinshan;ZHANG Guangxin;ZHANG Huanhuan;ZHAO Fengyun;DIAO Ming;BAI Ru;TANG Cheng;YU Kun(Agricultural College of Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China;Forestry Work Management Station of the Ninth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tacheng Xinjiang 834601,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第九师林业工作管理站,新疆塔城834601

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2025年第1期105-112,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：软籽石榴优异品种资源引种及栽培关键技术集成与示范(2021AB015);八师石河子市中青年科技创新骨干人才项目(2022RC01);兵团“强青”科技创新骨干人才计划项目(2023CB008-05)。

摘　　要：为探究适用于南疆温室沙地土壤条件下的氮肥增效措施,以3 a生‘突尼斯’软籽石榴为试材,设置无果树穴贮砖(CK)、施加果树穴贮砖A(T1)和果树穴贮砖B(T2)共3个处理,研究施加果树穴贮砖对软籽石榴光合特性及氮素吸收的影响。结果表明:T1、T2处理显著增加了1个灌水周期内第1天的石榴叶片叶绿素指数及第3天和第5天的氮平衡指数,提高了叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率的日均值,总体上以T1处理较好;与CK相比,T1和T2处理的石榴茎、叶、根中的全氮、硝态氮含量均有显著提升,同时茎和叶中的铵态氮含量也有显著提升,总体表现为T1>T2>CK。综上,施加果树穴贮砖有助于提升南疆温室沙地土壤条件下软籽石榴植株光合性能以及氮素吸收,本研究以施加果树穴贮砖A处理效果最佳。This study aims to identify measures for enhancing fertilizer nitrogen efficiency suitable for sandy soils in southern Xinjiang greenhouses,using‘Tunisia’soft-seeded pomegranates with a three years growth period as material.Three treatments were set up;no fruit tree hole water storage brick(CK),application of fruit tree hole water storage brick A(T1),and application of fruit tree hole water storage brick B(T2).The objective is to investigate the effects of applying fruit tree hole water storage bricks on the photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen uptake in soft-seeded pomegranates.The results indicated that both T1 and T2 treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll index on the first day of the irrigation cycle,as well as the nitrogen balance index on the third and fifth days.They also enhanced the daily average values of leaf net photosynthesis rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,and transpiration rate,with T1 showing better overall performance compared to CK,T1 and T2 treatments significantly increased the total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content in pomegranate stems,leaves,and roots.Furthermore,there was a notable increase in ammonium nitrogen content in stems and leaves.Therefore,the overall performance ranking of the three interventions was T1>T2>CK.In conclusion,the application of fruit tree hole water storage bricks contributes to improved photosynthetic performance and nitrogen uptake of soft-seeded pomegranates in the sandy soil conditions of southern Xinjiang greenhouses.Among the treatments,the application of fruit tree hole water storage brick A yields the best results.

关 键 词：果树穴贮砖 软籽石榴 氮平衡指数 光合特性 氮素吸收 

分 类 号：S628[农业科学—园艺学] S665.4