液体肥施用对滴灌棉田土壤无机氮素转化的影响  

Effect of Liquid Fertilizer Application on Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Transformation in Drip Irrigation Cotton Fields

作　　者：马红红[1,2,3] 吴湘琳 蒲胜海[1,2,3] 杨志莹 涂永峰[3] 赵冬梅 吉丽丽[3] 岳继生 魏建华 马兴旺 李磐 MA Honghong;WU Xianglin;PU Shenghai;YANG Zhiying;TU Yongfeng;ZHAO Dongmei;JI Lili;YUE Jisheng;WEI Jianhua;MA Xingwang;LI Pan(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water-Saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agriculture Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Huier Agricultural Group Co.,Ltd.,Changji Xinjiang831100,China;Changji Prefecture Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Changji Xinjiang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆慧尔农业集团股份有限公司,新疆昌吉831100 [4]昌吉州农牧业技术推广中心,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2025年第1期153-160,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年科学基金(2022D01B165);“天池英才”引进计划—青年博士项目;“天山英才”项目(2022TSYCLJ0050);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2023005)。

摘　　要：为突破氮肥利用率难以提高的瓶颈,选用液体肥替代常规肥料,旨在摸清液体肥与常规肥料施用对滴灌棉田土壤无机氮素转化的影响。2022年分别于新疆北疆8个地区(芳群农场,玛纳斯县兰州湾,昌吉市老龙河,红柳塘村,呼图壁红山村,昌吉市榆树沟,阜康市三工河乡,阜康市六运河)设置3个处理,分别为常规施肥、液体肥和减水10%+液体肥。结果表明,0~30 cm、30~60 cm土层土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量为减水10%+液体肥>液体肥>常规施肥;土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量均表现为滴头正下方明显高于距离滴头38 cm、-38 cm;单位面积液体肥较常规肥料养分投入量减少19.4 kg/667m^(2),但液体肥提供硝态氮、铵态氮高于常规肥料。可见,液体肥替代常规肥料在无机氮素转化方面起到正效应。To address the bottleneck in improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency,this study investigates the effects of liquid fertilizer compared to conventional fertilizer on inorganic nitrogen transformation in drip-irrigated cotton fields.This study was conducted in 2022 across eight regions of northern Xinjiang,including Fangqun Farm,Lanzhou Bay in Manas County,Laolong River in Changji,Hongliutang Village,Hongshan Village in Hutubi,Yushugou in Changji,Sangonghe Township in Fukang,and Liuhe Canal in Fukang.Three treatments were set up:conventional fertilization,liquid fertilizer,liquid fertilizer with 10%water reduction.The findings were as follows:across all regions,the content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in the soil layers of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm was as follows:10%water reduction+liquid fertilizer>liquid fertilizer>conventional fertilization;regardless of the region,the content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in the soil below the emitter was significantly higher than that at 38 cm or-38 cm from the emitter;the nutrient input of liquid fertilizers per unit area decreased by 19.4 kg/667m^(2)compared to conventional fertilizers.Nevertheless,liquid fertilizers resulted in higher contents of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen than conventional fertilizers.The results demonstrate that liquid fertilizers can effectively replace conventional fertilizers and positively influence inorganic nitrogen transformation in drip-irrigated cotton fields.

关 键 词：液体肥 硝态氮 铵态氮 产量 棉田 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]