沉默的螺旋:导生欺凌的辨析与防范  

Spiral of Silence:Discrimination and Prevention of Advisor-Advisee Bullying

作　　者：林杰[1] Lin Jie

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《江苏高教》2025年第1期11-23,共13页Jiangsu Higher Education

摘　　要：导生欺凌的本质是导生权力失衡而造成的纵向欺凌。导生欺凌不仅源于导师个体失德,也是由于导生权力不对称、权力梯度过大、大学管理权力纵容而诱发。在全球高等教育系统中,导生欺凌发生率高,识别度低,申诉者少。导生欺凌给研究生身心发展造成危害,也通过代际复制成为有害的组织文化。为有效防范导生欺凌,大学需要制定反欺凌的制度与程序,通过研究生参与治理、导生合议、框定导师制边界规范导师权力。导师还要树立责任伦理,从根本上杜绝欺凌行为的发生。The advisor–advisee bullying is vertical bullying on account of the imbalance of power.Advisor–advisee bullying is not only caused by the immorality of the advisor,but also caused by the power abuse of the advisor,the too large power gradient,and the inactive university management power.In the global higher education system,advisor–advisee bullying has a high incidence,low recognition and few complaints.The bullying does harm to the physical and mental development of the graduate students,and also becomes a harmful organizational culture through intergenerational cloning.In order to prevent bullying effectively,universities need to develop anti-bullying systems and procedures.Through the participation of graduate students in governance and the prior agreement,the advisor power is clearly confined in advisor responsibility system.Advisors should also establish an ethic of responsibility to prevent bullying at all.

关 键 词：导生欺凌 纵向欺凌 权力失衡 防范 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]