基于ISSR标记的南瓜遗传多样性与DNA指纹图谱研究  

Study on Genetic Diversity and DNA Fingerprint Map of Pumpkin Based on ISSR Markers

作　　者：王加龙 马坤[2,3] 周静 朱金芳 高鹏 黄凤娇 WANG Jialong;MA Kun;ZHOU Jing;ZHU Jinfang;GAO Peng;HUANG Fengjiao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Protected Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201106,China;College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]上海市农业科学院设施园艺研究所,上海201106 [3]上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106 [4]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2024年第12期119-130,共12页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市科技攻关项目(2022DX1900100);上海市农业科学院科技支撑领域专项[农科应基2023(03)];上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室开放基金课题[应用研究2023(03)]。

摘　　要：以31份南瓜种质资源为试材,利用筛选得到的7条多态性丰富的内部简单重复序列(ISSR)引物,分析31份南瓜材料的遗传多样性并建立DNA指纹图谱,为南瓜品种鉴定、种质资源保护及创新提供理论依据。结果表明,7条ISSR引物共扩增出73个条带,其中多态性条带72个,多态性条带占比为98.63%;平均观测等位基因数、平均有效等位基因数、平均Nei’s基因多样性指数、平均Shannon’s多样性信息指数分别为1.9863、1.5704、0.3299、0.4944;种间遗传相似系数为0.12~0.89,平均值为0.46。非加权组平均法聚类分析显示,31份南瓜材料在遗传相似系数为0.46处被分为中国南瓜、美洲南瓜和印度南瓜3类。利用引物UBC811和引物UBC843扩增的14个多态性位点构建31份南瓜材料的DNA指纹图谱,图谱中31份南瓜材料均具有唯一性,可用于南瓜的分子鉴定。综上,31份南瓜材料的遗传多样性丰富,中国南瓜与美洲南瓜亲缘关系较近,二者与印度南瓜亲缘关系较远,可为南瓜种质资源保护和品种创新提供科学依据;基于ISSR分子标记技术构建的南瓜DNA指纹图谱,可为南瓜品种鉴定提供新的途径。In order to provide theoretical basis for pumpkin variety identification,germplasm conservation and innovation,31 pumpkin germplasm resources were used as materials,and 7 inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)primers with rich polymorphic information were selected to analyze the genetic diversity of the materials and establish DNA fingerprint map.The results showed that a total of 73 bands were amplified by 7 ISSR primers,including 72 polymorphic bands(polymorphic band rate:98.63%).The average number of observed alleles,the average number of effective alleles,the average Nei’s gene diversity index,and the average Shannon’s diversity information index were 1.9863,1.5704,0.3299 and 0.4944,respectively.The interspecific genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.12 to 0.89,with an average value of 0.46.Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA)clustering analysis showed that 31 pumpkin materials were classified into Cucurbita moschata D.,Cucurbita pepo L.and Cucurbita maxima D.at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.46.Furthermore,the DNA fingerprint map for 31 pumpkin materials was constructed using the 14 polymorphic sites amplified by primer UBC811 and primer UBC843.All varieties in the DNA fingerprint map were unique,which could be used for molecular identification of varieties.In conclusion,the genetic diversity of 31 pumpkin materials was rich,Cucurbita moschata D.was closer to Cucurbita pepo L.,and the two were more distantly related to Cucurbita maxima D.,which could provide scientific basis for the conservation of pumpkin germplasm resources and variety innovation.The DNA fingerprint map of pumpkin based on the ISSR molecular marker technology could provide a new way for the identification of pumpkin varieties.

关 键 词：南瓜 ISSR 遗传多样性 DNA指纹图谱 品种鉴定 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]