我国深空探测器进入和再入气动技术发展  

Development Aerodynamic Technology for Deep Space Entry/Re-entry Exploration

作　　者：李齐[1] 杨孟飞[2] 孙泽洲[1] 张熇[1] 魏昊功 LI Qi;YANG Mengfei;SUN Zezhou;ZHANG He;WEI Haogong(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2024年第6期47-55,共9页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：针对深空探测进入或再入飞行器的气动技术发展需求,自2011年开始,中国经过13年的技术攻关,已陆续在轻小型气动外形设计、高温跨流域复杂流动耦合效应模拟、短钝体动态特性预测与验证以及特种气动问题研究方面取得了科学认识和技术上的诸多重要突破,有效支撑了月球探测与火星探测重大工程任务的圆满实施。未来,面向火星取样返回、木星系探测、太阳系边际探测等深空探测任务,我国还需在大气辅助变轨技术、多种天体大气介质复杂效应模拟与试验技术、先进飞行测量与反演技术等方面开展攻关研究。文章综述了中国深空探测进入和再入气动技术的发展历程,重点介绍了嫦娥五/六号返回器与天问一号着陆器的气动技术成果。最后,基于深空探测未来工程展望,分析了相关气动技术的发展需求。In response to the aerodynamic technology development requirements for deep space exploration entry or re-entry vehicles,China has,since 2011,achieved numerous significant scientific and technological breakthroughs over the last 13 years.These achievements encompass lightweight small-sized aerodynamic configuration design,simulation of high temperature complex cross-basin flow coupling effect,prediction and verification of dynamic characteristics of short blunt bodies,as well as research on special aerodynamic issues.Such progress has effectively supported the successful implementation of major lunar exploration and Mars exploration missions.Look ahead,in preparation for deep space exploration missions such as Mars sample return,Jupiter system exploration,and edge-of-the-solar-system exploration,China must advance research into atmospheric-assisted orbit modification technologies,complex effects simulations and testing technics of complex effects of various celestial body atmospheres,and advanced flight measurement and inversion technologies.This paper reviews the evolution of China's aerodynamic technology for deep space entry/re-entry vehicles,with particular emphasis on the aerodynamic technology achievements of Chang'e-5/Chang'e-6 return capsule and the Tianwen-1 lander.Finally,based on the future prospects of deep space exploration projects,this paper analyzes the developmental needs for relevant aerodynamic technologies.

关 键 词：深空探测 进入和再入飞行器 气动外形设计 跨流域复杂流动耦合效应 动态特性 特种气动问题 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]