我国深空探测器热控技术发展  

Development of Thermal Control Technology for Deep Space Exploration Spacecraft in China

作　　者：陈阳[1] 陈庆 苗建印[1] 陈建新[1] 向艳超[1] 张栋[1] 赵亮[1] 邵兴国[1] 刘自军[1] 张有为[1] 宁献文[1] 张红星[1] 张冰强[1] 王录[1] 吕巍[1] 蒋凡[1] CHEN Yang;CHEN Qing;MIAO Jianyin;CHEN Jianxin;XIANG Yanchao;ZHANG Dong;ZHAO Liang;SHAO Xingguo;LIU Zijun;ZHANG Youwei;NING Xianwen;ZHANG Hongxing;ZHANG Bingqiang;WANG Lu;LYU Wei;JIANG Fan(National Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Thermal Control,Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部航天器热控技术全国重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2024年第6期82-91,共10页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：航天器热控技术保证了我国探月工程嫦娥一号到嫦娥六号、火星探测器天问一号等一系列深空探测任务的圆满成功。我国已经积累了一系列先进的设计经验,突破了低重力、中真空环境下高温散热及低温生存等一系列技术难题。系统性地回顾了探月工程20年发展历程中深空探测航天器的热控系统设计、技术创新、产品研制及工程实践,主要包括星体热环境模型、主动热控技术、被动热控技术及热试验技术,并阐述了各自的技术原理和应用性能。最后根据我国后续深空探测任务的需求和挑战,给出了未来深空探测航天器热控技术的发展建议。Spacecraft thermal control technology has been crucial in securing the success of a series of deep space exploration missions,including China's Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP) Chang'e-1 to Chang'e-6 and its Mars exploration mission Tianwan-1.China has accumulated advanced design experiences and overcame a series of significant technical challenges such as high-temperature heat dissipation and low-temperature survival in low-gravity and medium-vacuum environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the system designs,technological innovation,product development,and engineering practice of thermal control for deep space exploration spacecraft over the 20-year span of CLEP.Coverage includes the development of thermal environment models for planets,active and passive thermal control technologies,and thermal testing technologies,with detailed explanations of their respective technological characteristic sprinciple and application performance.Furthermore,based on the developmental needs and challenge for China's upcoming deep space exploration missions,some recommendations are provided for advancing thermal control technologies tailored to future deep space exploration spacecraft.

关 键 词：深空探测 热控技术 进展 展望 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]