考虑定子总成各向异性的永磁同步电机振动特性分析  

Vibration characterization of permanent magnet synchronous motor considering stator assembly anisotropy

作　　者：卢炽华[1,2,3] 李放 刘志恩 薛齐凡[1,2,3] 彭文杰 LU Chihua;LI Fang;LIU Zhien;XUE Qifan;PENG Wenjie(Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Foshan Xianhu Laboratory,Foshan Guangdong 528200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点试验室,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430070 [3]佛山仙湖实验室,广东佛山528200

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2024年第5期142-154,共13页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175111)。

摘　　要：针对当前在建立电机噪声振动分析模型时,存在绝缘漆和绕组导线结构复杂以及材料参数难以确定的问题,提出一种高精度等效建模和遗传算法优化的材料参数快速矫正方法.采用基于中心复合试验设计(Central Composite Design,CCD)的响应面模型,分析各向异性材料参数对模态频率的影响规律,利用多物理场耦合仿真分析电机额定工况下壳体及后端盖振动分布特性;通过振动台架试验验证多物理场分析模型的准确性,探明8000 r/min附近48阶等效辐射功率等级峰值处产生机理.研究结果表明:各向异性材料中,绝缘材料的弹性模量对电机模态贡献最大;矫正后的电机整机有限元前3阶模态频率与锤击法模态试验结果相对误差在3.5%以内,等效建模及矫正方法可用于电机多物理场耦合模型构建;从整体趋势看,多物理场振动仿真结果与试验结果具有较好的一致性,其中48阶整体振动水平最大,其峰值主要由8000 r/min转速下径向电磁力空间0阶12倍频激励频率与定子总成0阶模态频率6239 Hz相交产生共振所引起.研究结果可以为电机噪声振动分布特性及产生机理的研究提供参考.The current challenges in establishing motor noise and vibration analysis models include the complex structure of insulating paint and winding conductors,as well as the difficulty in determining material parameters.To address these issues,a high-precision equivalent modeling method combined with genetic algorithm optimization for fast correction of material parameters is proposed.A response surface model based on Central Composite Design(CCD)is used to analyze the influence of anisotro⁃pic material parameters on modal frequencies.The vibration distribution characteristics of the motor’s shell and rear end cover under rated working conditions are analyzed through multi-physics field coupled simulations.The accuracy of the multi-physics field analysis model is validated through vibration bench tests,and the mechanism for generating the peak value of the 48th-order equivalent radiated power level near 8000 r/min is explored.The results show that among the anisotropic materials,the elastic modulus of the insulating material contributes the most to the motor’s modal behavior.The relative error between the corrected finite element modal frequencies for the motor and the modal test results using the hammering method for the first three orders of the motor is within 3.5%.The equivalent modeling and correction method can be applied to construct multi-physics field coupled models for motors.Overall,the multi-physics simulation results show good consistency with the experimental results.The 48th-order overall vibration level is the highest,with the peak primarily caused by the resonance between the 0th-order 12x frequency excitation of the radial electromagnetic force and the 0th-order modal frequency(6239 Hz)of the stator assembly at a rotational speed of 8000 r/min.This study can provide a reference for investigating the motor’s noise and vibration distribution characteristics and generation mechanisms.

关 键 词：径向电磁力 模态试验 各向异性 矫正方法 多物理场耦合 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]