木材加工机械的单板缺陷检测和自动挖补技术研究  

Research on flaw detection and automatic digging-filling of wood-board for wood machine tool

作　　者：郭乙宏 姚瑜 李运华[2] GUO Yihong;YAO Yu;LI Yunhua(Mstar Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 273400,CHN;School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,CHN)

机构地区：[1]汇立装备制造有限公司,山东临沂273400 [2]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2025年第1期75-85,共11页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：山东省重点扶持区域引进急需紧缺人才项目(2024-658-74);科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TSGC2529)。

摘　　要：胶合板是多层单板经过粘接形成的木材产品,在建筑、家具和包装等行业广泛应用。提升单板质量和加工效率是胶合板生产中的重要问题。由于从旋切机生产的单板不可避免存在节疤、裂缝、孔洞等缺陷,因此需要单板挖补机进行修补。目前国内单板挖补普遍依靠人工,工作过程包括挑选缺陷和冲孔机修补2个步骤。由于缺陷挑选和放置过程完全依靠操作员主观判断,缺乏明确的挖补标准和高效的工艺流程,因此挖补效果往往难以保证。从单板缺陷检测和挖补机构和机床2个方面,综述了单板缺陷自动挖补技术和单板挖补机数字孪生技术的国内外研究现状,总结了目前存在的问题并指出了未来发展趋势。Plywood is the wood product which is made of multi-veneer through adhesive bonding,and it has been widely applied in architecture,furniture,and packaging.Improving the processing quality and productivity of the veneer is a very important issue in plywood production.Due to the inevitable presence of defects such as knots,cracks,and holes in the veneers produced by wood rotary cutting machines,a digging-filling repair by using the veneer digging-filling machine tool is required.Currently,the veneer patching in China generally relies on manual,and the working process includes picking defects and punching.Among them,common defects of veneers include joints,holes,cracks,decay,discoloration,skin clips,etc.,which have irregular distribution and inconsistent shape and size.Because the selection and placement process of defects is completely dependent on the subjective judgment of the operator,the lack of clear repair standards and efficient process flow,so the repair effect is often difficult to ensure.From the two aspects of veneer defect detection and repair mechanism and machine tool,the research status of automatic veneer defect repair technology and digital twin technology of veneer repair machine at home and abroad is summarized,the existing problems are summarized and the future development trend is pointed out.

关 键 词：木工机床 单板挖补 缺陷检测 深度学习 数字孪生 

分 类 号：TH161.21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]