微量润滑在机械加工中的应用研究进展  

Research progress on the application of minimum quantity lubrication in machining

作　　者：盛锐 刘纪新[2] 颜旭 王广 董兰[5] 张全昌 宋学磊 李长河[1,8] SHENG Rui;LIU Jixin;YAN Xu;WANG Guang;DONG Lan;ZHANG Quanchang;SONG Xuelei;LI Changhe(Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,CHN;College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Qingdao Huanghai University,Qingdao 266427,CHN;Hyunion Holding Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266217,CHN;Guo Hua(Qingdao)Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 201620,CHN;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Binhai University,Qingdao 266555,CHN;Qingdao ZhongKeKunTai Precast Construction Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266600,CHN;Qingdao Yuyuan New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266200,CHN;Qingdao Jimo Qing li Intelligent Manufacturing Industry Research Institute,Qingdao 266200,CHN)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学教育部工业流体节能与污染控制重点实验室,山东青岛266520 [2]青岛黄海学院智能制造学院,山东青岛266427 [3]海联金汇科技股份有限公司,山东青岛266217 [4]国华(青岛)智能装备有限公司,山东青岛201620 [5]青岛滨海学院机电工程学院,山东青岛266555 [6]青岛中科坤泰装配建筑科技有限公司,山东青岛266600 [7]青岛宇远新材料有限公司,山东青岛266200 [8]青岛即墨青理智能制造产业研究院,山东青岛266200

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2025年第1期86-97,共12页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52375447,52205481,52105457);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023QE057,ZR2022QE028)。

摘　　要：微量润滑(minimum quantity lubrication,MQL)被视为一种能够改善浇注式和干切削技术缺陷的绿色可持续加工技术,在机械加工领域应用越来越广泛。综述了微量润滑的基本原理及应用。首先,分析了微量润滑及其系统以及在车削、铣削、磨削、钻削加工中的性能表现,微量润滑在铣削SKD 61钢时,刀具侧面磨损能减少60%。其次,阐述了微量润滑的进展及分类,并详细分析了纳米流体微量润滑(nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication,NMQL)、低温微量润滑(cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication,CMQL)、多场赋能微量润滑的冷却润滑机理。结果表明,在磨削钛合金时,纳米流体静电雾化微量润滑相对于微量润滑,磨削温度降低了40%。在机械加工中,微量润滑提升了冷却润滑效果,降低了成本和切削液用量,并改善了表面粗糙度、切削力和刀具磨损等方面的加工性能。Minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)is recognized as a green and sustainable machining technology that addresses the shortcomings of flood cooling and dry cutting techniques,and it is more and more widely used in the field of machining.The basic principle and application of MQL are reviewed.Firstly,the MQL,its systems,and its performance in turning,milling,grinding and drilling are analyzed.The tool side wear can be reduced by 60%when the MQL is milling SKD 61 steel.Secondly,the progress and classification of MQL are described,and the cooling lubrication mechanism of nanofluid MQL(NMQL),cryogenic MQL(CMQL)and multi-field energized MQL is analyzed in detail.The results show that the temperature of grinding titanium alloy is reduced by 40%compared with that of MQL.In machining,the MQL improves the cooling lubrication effect,reduces the cost and cutting fluid usage,and improves the machining performance in terms of surface roughness,cutting force and tool wear.

关 键 词：微量润滑 机械加工 车削 磨削 纳米流体微量润滑 低温微量润滑 多场赋能微量润滑 

分 类 号：TH161.21[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]