基于主成分分析对河南省粮改饲项目区不同品种全株玉米青贮饲料质量的研究  

Research on quality of whole-plant corn silage feed of different varieties in grain-to-forage project area of Henan Province based on principal component analysis

作　　者：徐泽君 徐思远 王建平[3] 王献伟 XU Ze-jun;XU Si-yuan;WANG Jian-ping;WANG Xian-wei

机构地区：[1]河南省畜牧技术推广总站,河南郑州450008 [2]河南省中原农谷投资运营有限公司,河南新乡453514 [3]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第22期133-138,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：河南省肉羊产业技术体系项目(项目编号:HARS-22-15-Z1);国家自然科学基金(项目编号:32372933)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究河南省粮改饲项目区不同品种全株玉米青贮饲料质量。在河南省粮改饲试点县中,选择乳熟末期至腊熟前期收获、切割长度0.9~1.9 cm、留茬高度约15 cm的全株玉米青贮饲料样品,共计采集10个品种,进行主成分分析。结果显示,全株玉米青贮饲料营养成分和发酵品质指标差异较大。变异系数较大的指标为碳水化合物(49.615%),氨态氮/总氮(21.650%),乙酸(20.878%),淀粉(18.832%),乳酸(18.207%)。主成分分析提取5个主成分,累积贡献率达到86.20%。综合品质排名顺序为京科968、郑青1号、豫青贮23、普通玉米、汛单20、先锋、郑单958、浚单18、登海67、金博士658。京科968、豫青贮23、郑青1号最大主成分为干物质;汛单20和普通玉米最大主成分均为粗蛋白,浚单18和金博士658最大主成分为pH值;先锋、郑单958和登海672的最大主成分分别为30 h中性洗涤纤维消化率、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维。研究表明,10个品种全株玉米青贮饲料间营养含量存在明显差异,营养指标间存在相关,主成分分析综合得分排名前三的是京科968、郑青1号、豫青贮23,其最大主成分均为干物质。The purpose of this experiment was to study the quality of whole-plant corn silage among different corn varieties in Henan Province.The whole-plant corn silage with the cutting length(0.9~1.9 cm)and stubble height(not less than 15 cm)at harvest stage(late milk ripening to early wax ripening)were sampled in the county of Henan Province.There were ten varieties samples collected and analyzed with principal component.The results showed that there were significant differences in the nutrient content and fermentation quality of the whole plant silage among different varieties.The bigger coefficient of variation included 49.615%of carbohydrate,21.650%of ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen,20.878%of acetic acid,18.832%of starch and 18.207%of lactic acid.Five principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,which cumulative contribution rate reached 86.20%.The comprehensive quality ranking order is Jingke 968,Zhengqing 1,Yu silage 23,ordinary corn,Xindan 20,Xianfeng,Zhengdan 958,Jundan 18,Denghai 67,and Dr.King 658.Dry matter content was the biggest principal component of Jingke 968,Yu silage 23,and Zhengqing 1.Crude protein was the biggest principal component of Xundan 20 and ordinary corn.pH value was the biggest principal component of Jundan 18 and Dr.King 658.The 30 h neutral detergent fiber digestibility,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was the biggest principal component of Xianfeng,Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 672,respectively.The study indicates that there are significant differences in nutritional contents among 10 varieties of whole plant corn silage,and there are correlations among nutritional indexes.The top three comprehensive scores of principal component analysis are Jingke 968,Zhengqing 1,and Yu silage 23,with the largest principal component being the dry matter.

关 键 词：玉米青贮 青贮品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]