对“性别化记者”的质疑:新世纪中国女记者媒介形象的建构、流变及其语境  

Questions about Gendered Journalists:Constructing,Changing and Contextualizing the Media Image of Chinese Women Journalists in the 21st Century

作　　者：徐星星[1] XU Xing-xing(School of Communication,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学传播学院,上海200241

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2025年第1期79-92,共14页Journal of Shandong Women's University

摘　　要：自中华人民共和国成立至20世纪末,中国女记者多以知识分子或社会活动家的身份现身公共领域。进入21世纪,女记者的媒介形象历经了新的建构与流变。采用自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing,NLP)技术,分析新世纪六位代表性女记者的新闻文本及评论文本,可回溯女记者媒介形象流变的发生及时代语境。将新闻文本关键词和评论文本情感数值对照分析可发现一对矛盾关系:女记者的性别身份愈发凸显,网民对女记者的情感表达愈发正向。换言之,这种正向的认可更多是建立在女记者的性别身份之上,而非职业身份。新世纪女记者的媒介形象历经了“媒体宝贝”“战地玫瑰”“网红记者”“国民初恋”等流变,其背后隐匿着社会文化观念对女记者乃至女性整体的时代认知。重性别身份轻职业身份的吊诡现象值得警惕,高曝光个案营造出女记者享有较高关注度及职业地位的幻象,但本质上消解了女记者作为“职业记者”而非“性别化记者”的专业性与严肃性,同时削弱了女性艰难获取的公共话语权。From the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the end of the twentieth century,women journalists in China appeared in the public sphere mostly as intellectuals or social activists.In the new century,the media image of female journalists has undergone new construction and change.Using Natural Language Processing(NLP)technology to analyze the news texts and commentaries of six representative female journalists in the new century,we can retrace the occurrence of the change of female journalists’media image and the context of the era.A pair of contradictory relationships can be found by analyzing the keywords of the news texts and the sentiment values of the commentaries:the more prominent the gender identity of female journalists is,the more positively the netizens are expressing their sentiments towards them.In other words,this positive recognition is based more on the gender identity of female journalists than on their professional identity.The media image of female journalists in the new century has gone through such changes as“media babe”“war rose”“net red reporter”“national first love”and so on.The image of female journalists in the new century has gone through such changes as“media babe”“war rose”“net red reporter”“national first love”,etc.Behind it lies the social and cultural concepts of female journalists and even the overall women’s perception of the times.The paradoxical phenomenon of emphasizing gender identity over professional identity deserves vigilance.Highly publicized cases create the illusion that female journalists enjoy higher attention and professional status,but essentially dissolve the professionalism and seriousness of female journalists as“professional journalists”rather than“gender journalists”,while weakening the difficult access of women to the public eye.At the same time,it undermines women’s hard-won right to public discourse.

关 键 词：女记者 性别化记者 媒介形象 公共话语权 自然语言处理 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]