不同生长阶段弗荷F1牛与荷斯坦牛冷适应性、免疫功能的比较  

Comparison of cold adaptability and immune function of different growth stages of F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle and Holstein cattle

作　　者：乔彦杰 李红欢 叶翠芳 李广 赵艳梅 蔺文龙 林为民 QIAO Yan-jie;LI Hong-huan;YE Cui-fang;LI Guang;ZHAO Yan-mei;LIN Wen-long;LIN Wei-min

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]第八师畜牧兽医工作站,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第23期94-98,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(项目编号:2021AA004);兵团指导性科技计划项目(项目编号:2023ZD041);石河子大学青年创新培育人才项目(项目编号:CXPY202209)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究不同生长时期弗荷F1牛与荷斯坦牛的冷适应性和免疫功能。试验采用品种分组设计,选取30头弗荷F1牛和30头荷斯坦牛。冷应激试验在1月20日—2月20日进行,试验期7 d。结果显示,在冷应激条件下,弗荷F1牛在产奶中期的白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),在犊牛、育成、青年、干奶期的白细胞介素-3(IL-3)水平均显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),在育成、产奶期的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平显著低于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),在育成期的白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05)。弗荷F1牛在各时期的补体C3含量均显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),在育成、青年、干奶期的补体C4含量显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),在犊牛期的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)水平显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05)。研究表明,在冷应激条件下,弗荷F1牛比荷斯坦牛具有更强的免疫性能和耐寒抗病能力,更加适应寒冷环境。The experiment aimed to investigate the cold adaptability and immune function of F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle and Holstein cattle at different growth stages.The trial employed a breed grouping design,selecting 30 F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle and 30 Holstein cattle.The cold stress test was conducted from January 20th to February 20th,with a trial period of seven days.The results showed that under cold stress conditions,F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle had significantly higher levels of interleukin-2(IL-2)during mid-lactation compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05),significantly higher levels of interleukin-3(IL-3)during the calf,heifer,and young and dry periods compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05),significantly lower levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)during the heifer and lactation periods compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05),and significantly higher levels of interleukin-10(IL-10)during the heifer period compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05).The complement C3 content in F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle was significantly higher than in Holstein cattle at all stages(P<0.05),the complement C4 content was significantly higher during the heifer,young,and dry periods compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05),and the immunoglobulin G(IgG)level was significantly higher during the calf period compared to Holstein cattle(P<0.05).The study indicates that under cold stress conditions,F1 Friesian-Holstein cattle have stronger immune performance and cold resistance compared to Holstein cattle,and are more adapted to cold environments.

关 键 词：弗荷F1牛 荷斯坦牛 冷应激 免疫机能 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]