红凉伞不同着生部位成熟果实内含物质与种子胎萌的关系  

Relationship between Contents of Mature Fruits at DifferentGrowing Positions and Seed Vivipary of Ardisia crenata var. bicolor

作　　者：陈苗苗 艾星梅[1] 赵财宝 李翠萍 孙媛媛 Chen Miaomiao;Ai Xingmei;Zhao Caibao;Li Cuiping;Sun Yuanyuan(College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第12期40-46,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西南林业大学博士科研基金项目(No.111806);云南省科技厅农业联合专项面上项目(202301BD070001-119)。

摘　　要：为探明红凉伞成熟果实内含物质与种子胎萌的关系,本试验以同一枝条上的外侧胎萌果实与内侧非胎萌果实为材料,研究其形态以及外果皮、中果皮、内果皮、胚乳和胎萌种子胚根的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、淀粉含量和抗氧化酶、淀粉酶活性变化,并对这些指标进行相关性分析。结果表明,红凉伞种子胎萌与挂果时长相关,胎萌与非胎萌果实横纵径差异不大,但种子的百粒重、果实不同部位的内含物质均存在显著差异,且非胎萌果实高于胎萌果实,其中内果皮的含量相对较高;胎萌发生后,果实不同部位的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和淀粉含量以及α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶活性均显著降低,而在胚根中迅速积累,为胚胎的生长发育提供能量,但超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性在胚根中最低。相关性分析表明,对于胎萌果实,SOD活性与可溶性蛋白含量呈显著负相关,POD活性与可溶性糖、淀粉含量呈显著或极显著负相关,淀粉含量与α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶活性呈负相关,说明果实不同部位的可溶性蛋白、碳水化合物和这几种酶可能协同参与了胚发育的代谢过程。To explore the relationship between mature fruit contents and seed vivipary of Ardisia crenata var.bicolor,the outer viviparous and inner non⁃viviparous fruits from the same branch were selected as materi⁃als.The morphological characteristics,the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and starch,and the activ⁃ities of antioxidant enzymes and amylase in epicarp,mesocarp,endocarp,endosperm and radicle of viviparous seeds were studied,and the correlations among the indicators were analyzed.The results showed that seed vivipary of A.crenata var.bicolor was related to the length of fruiting period.There was no significant differ⁃ence in the transverse and longitudinal diameters between viviparous and non⁃viviparous fruits,but significant differences were observed in hundred⁃grain weight and contents of different fruit parts,which were higher in non⁃viviparous fruits compared with viviparous fruits,especially in endocarp.After seed vivipary,the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and starch in different parts of mature fruits,as well as activities ofα⁃amylase andβ⁃amylase were significantly reduced,which rapidly accumulated in the radicle and could provide energy for the growth and development of embryo;but the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)were the lowest in radicle.Correlation analysis showed that,for the viviparous fruits,SOD activity was significantly negatively correlated with soluble protein content,POD activity was significantly or extremely sig⁃nificantly negatively correlated with soluble sugar and starch contents,while the starch content was negatively correlated with activities ofα⁃amylase andβ⁃amylase,which indicated that the soluble protein,carbohydrates and enzymes in different parts of fruits might collaboratively participate in the metabolism of embryo develop⁃ment.

关 键 词：红凉伞 种子胎萌 果实内含物质 成熟期 果实形态 生理特性 

分 类 号：S686[农业科学—观赏园艺]