玉米苗枯病病原鉴定及其对戊唑醇的敏感性  

Pathogens Identification for Maize Seedling Blight and Their Sensitivity to Tebuconazole

作　　者：江航 祁凯[1] 马立国[1] 张博[1] 张悦丽[1] 马国苹 齐军山[1] Jiang Hang;Qi Kai;Ma Liguo;Zhang Bo;Zhang Yueli;Ma Guoping;Qi Junshan(Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory for Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Pests,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/山东省农业有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第12期92-97,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021QC059);山东省小麦产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-01-10);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2023F04)。

摘　　要：为明确玉米苗枯病病原菌的种类、致病性及其对戊唑醇的敏感性,本研究以2021年采自山东省淄博市的玉米苗枯病植株为对象,对其进行病原菌分离、鉴定、致病性及对戊唑醇敏感性的测定。结果表明,从玉米苗枯病病株根部共分离到16株菌,经形态观察、序列比对及系统发育分析,鉴定出7株尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、4株F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种、2株假禾谷镰刀菌(F.pseudograminearum)、2株腐皮镰刀菌(F.solani)和1株三线镰刀菌(F.tricinctum)。致病性测定发现,尖孢镰刀菌、F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种和假禾谷镰刀菌均能引起玉米幼苗根部发病。对戊唑醇敏感性测定结果表明,16株菌株的EC50值最低为0.03μg/mL,最高为3.18μg/mL,有2株菌的EC50值高于0.30μg/mL。综上,山东省淄博市玉米苗枯病的优势病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌和F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种。同时,本研究检测到对戊唑醇敏感性降低的菌株,建议使用与戊唑醇复配的杀菌剂用于防治玉米苗枯病以延长戊唑醇的使用时间。To clarify the types of pathogens causing maize seedling blight,their pathogenicity,and their sensitivity to tebuconazole,this study focused on maize seedling blight collected from Zibo City,Shandong Province in 2021.The pathogens were isolated,identified,and tested for pathogenicity and sensitivity to tebuconazole. The results showed that 16 strainswere isolated from the roots of maize seedlings with blight. Through morphological observation,sequence alighnment, and phylogenetic analysis, these strains were identified as including 7strains of Fusarium oxysporum, 4 strains of the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex, 2strains of Fusarium pseudograminearum, 2 strains of Fusarium solani, and 1 strain of Fusariumtricinctum. Pathogenicity tests revealed that F. oxysporum, F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex,and F. pseudograminearum could all cause root disease in maize seedlings. Sensitivity testing ofall isolated strains to tebuconazole showed that the EC50 values ranged from 0.03 μg/mL to 3.18μg/mL, with two strains having EC50 values higher than 0.3 μg/mL. In conclusion, the dominantpathogens of maize seedling blight were F. oxysporum and F. incarnatum-equiseti speciescomplex in Zibo City, Shandong Province. Additionally, this study detected strains with reducedsusceptibility to tebuconazole, suggesting the use of tebuconazole in complex with otherfungicides to control maize seedling blight and extend the effective lifespan of tebuconazole.

关 键 词：玉米苗枯病 植物病原真菌 镰刀菌 致病性 戊唑醇 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]