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作 者:金超然 席小华[2] JIN Chaoran;XI Xiaohua(School of Social and Public Administration,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai,200237,China;College of Political Science and Law,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100089,China)
机构地区:[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237 [2]首都师范大学政法学院,北京100089
出 处:《社会工作与管理》2025年第1期81-93,共13页Social Work and Management
基 金:国家社会科学基金一般项目“社会工作参与少年司法社会支持体系建构的实践模式与行动策略”(19BSH160)。
摘 要:政策倡导是宏观社会工作的重要组成部分,也是现阶段我国社会工作理论与实践发展中较为薄弱的部分。文章以未成年人司法保护领域近二十年的政策倡导行动为例,以权威部门的行动为主线,对社会工作政策倡导的本土化路径进行分析。研究发现,我国社会工作政策倡导与传统西方社会工作政策倡导呈现出较大差异。我国在政策制定过程中,发挥主导性作用的是权威部门,因此,社会工作政策倡导过程与权威部门政策制定过程有较高的匹配度。权威部门的政策制定过程沿着“模糊—清晰”的路径展开,政策倡导行动也伴随这一过程发生。在生成模糊政策阶段,社会工作通过服务游说和探索性服务开展政策倡导;在模糊政策清晰化阶段,社会工作通过综合性服务、制度游说和政策建议开展政策倡导;在清晰政策行政化阶段,社会工作通过政策建议、政策宣传贯彻和规范化服务开展政策倡导。Policy advocay is an essential aspect of macro social work.However,it represents a weak point in both the theory and practice of social work in our country.To illustrate this point,this study examines policy advocacy actions in juvenile judicial protection over the past two decades.It analyzes the localization path of social work policy advocacy,focusing on the actions of authoritative departments.The findings reveal that China’s social work policy advocacy differs significantly from practices in western traditions.In China,the authoritative department plays a leading role in the policy-making process.Therefore,there exists a strong alignment between the process of social work policy advocacy and the process of authoritative department policy-making.The policy-making process of the authoritative department develops along the trajectory from“vague to clarity”,with social work policy advocacy aligning closely to this process.In initial stage of generating vague policies,social work advocates policies through service lobbying and exploratory services.In the phase of ambiguous clarity,social work carries out policy advocacy through comprehensive services,institutional lobbying,and policy suggestions.In the stage of clear policy administration,social work carries out policy advocacy through policy suggestions,policy publicity,and standardized services.
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