“妇女能顶半边天”:当代中国女性劳动实践与叙事  

"Women Can Hold Up Half the Sky":Labor Practices and Narratives of Women in Contemporary China

作　　者：赵莉生 ZHAO Lisheng

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,200433

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2025年第1期20-27,共8页Journal of China Women's University

摘　　要：诞生于中国全面建设社会主义时期的口号“妇女能顶半边天”,生动刻画了女性劳动者在社会主义新中国的正面形象。“半边天”叙事指出了从劳动实践走向国家政治的女性解放路径,这一路径从女性劳动实践出发进入政治叙事,又从政治叙事再次回归女性自身,最终实现女性更具政治内涵的解放。具体而言:一方面是从劳动实践到政治叙事,“半边天”的叙事产生于女性的劳动实践,以《人民日报》为主要媒介之一,在多个重要政治场合的传播中不断建构出国家希冀的女性形象——“同主内外”的社会主义劳动者;另一方面是从政治叙事到女性解放,女性的劳动实践在形塑“半边天”叙事的同时,“半边天”叙事也鼓舞、动员、规训着女性的实践,千万女性劳动者以“妇女能顶半边天”为自豪,以国家表彰的女性劳动模范为榜样,投身于全面建设社会主义事业。“妇女能顶半边天”不仅描摹了女性参与社会劳动实践获得权能提升的历史事实,而且揭示了劳动解放女性路线在社会主义中国具体展开的实质内容和深刻价值意义,凸显了女性在国家政治叙事中的“半边天”地位。The slogan"women can hold up half the sky",born during the period of China's comprehensive construction of socialism,vividly portrayed the positive image of female laborers in the new socialist China.The"half the sky"narrative outlines a path of female emancipation from labor practice to national politics,which begins with women's labor practice and moves into political discourses,and eventually returns to the women themselves,achieving their emancipation in a fundamentally political sense.More specifically,on the one hand,from labor practice to political discourse,the narrative of"half the sky"originates from women's labor participation.Through channels like The People's Daily,one of the state's primary media outlets,and in numerous important political events,this narrative continuously constructs the state's ideal image of women:socialist workers are capable of balancing both domestic and social responsibilities.On the other hand,from political discourses to female emancipation,women's labor practices shape the"half the sky"narrative,while the narrative simultaneously inspires,mobilizes,and regulates women's actions.Millions of women proudly embrace the idea that"women can hold up half the sky",taking the state's honored female labor models as examples and dedicating themselves to socialist construction.The phrase"women can hold up half the sky"not only reflects the historical reality of women's empowerment through social and labor participation,but also reveals the process of their movement from labor practice to national politics,highlighting their crucial role in the national political narratives.The spiritual legacy of"half the sky"transcends geographic and temporal boundaries,passing on the ideas and power of gender equality to the new women in the new socialist era.

关 键 词：“半边天” 女性 劳动实践 政治叙事 

分 类 号：D442.9[政治法律—政治学]