不同掺加材料对软土电渗加固效果的影响  

Influences of additives materials on electro-osmosis consolidation for soft soils

作　　者：王炳辉[1,2] 李贵豪[1] 张雷 金海晖 吴涛[1,2] 贾仲泽 金丹丹 WANG Binghui;LI Guihao;ZHANG Lei;JIN Haihui;WU Tao;JIA Zhongze;JIN Dandan(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Geoenvironmental Disaster Prevention and Remediation,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China;Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,江苏镇江212100 [2]江苏科技大学江苏省地质环境灾害防治与修复工程中心,江苏镇江212100 [3]江苏大学土木工程与力学学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2024年第6期86-97,共12页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：镇江市科技计划项目(基础研究专项)(JC2024019);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200996);国家自然科学基金项目(51978317);苏州市科技计划项目(SYG202104)。

摘　　要：为解决电渗处理后的土体承载力和抗剪强度不足的问题,借鉴纳米材料与絮凝剂在淤泥处理中的应用,采用电渗法对长江漫滩相软土开展不同掺加材料的加固效果研究。通过对电流、排水量、土表沉降量、承载力和抗剪强度等进行综合分析,探究纳米材料(Fe_(3)O_(4))、絮凝剂(APAM)与化学浆液对软土电渗加固的有效性。通过扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)获得土体的微观结构图片,利用图像处理软件PCAS分析软土电渗加固后土体的孔隙特征变化,分析其微观作用机理。结果表明:掺加不同的化学材料,均能够增强土体的导电性,提高土体排水量,延长有效电渗排水时间。且同时掺入纳米材料、絮凝剂与化学浆液时,土体的排水量与平均电流最大,含水率的降幅最高,承载力与抗剪强度的分布最为均匀。与此同时,掺入化学材料后,土体的表观孔隙率、孔隙数和平均孔隙面积均有明显下降,孔隙外形变得更加圆滑,孔隙结构更加复杂,分布地更加均匀。因此,纳米材料、絮凝剂与化学浆液等能够提高电渗加固效果,改善电渗后期排水效率低,加固效果不均匀等问题,为地基处理领域提供新的思路与参考依据。This study conducted experimental investigations into the effects of additive materials on electro-osmotic consolidation for the flood plain near the Yangtze River.The goal was to address the insufficient soil bearing capacity and shear strength by applying nanomaterials and flocculants in silt treatment.The effectiveness of nanomaterials(Fe_(3)O_(4)),flocculant(APAM)and chemical solution on soft soil using electro-osmotic consolidation was evaluated based on current,water discharge,soil settlement,bearing capacity,and shear strength.Additionally,the microscopic structures of the consolidated soils were examined by using scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the pore characteristics were analyzed by using picture archiving and communication system(PACS)to investigate the microscopic mechanism of the soils.The results indicated that incorporating additive materials in electro-osmotic consolidation effectively improved the electrical conductivity of the soil,leading to increased water discharge and extending the effective drainage time.The combination of nanomaterials,flocculants,and chemical solutions resulted in the largest water discharge,the highest average current,the greatest reduction in water content,and the most uniform distribution of bearing capacity and shear strength.Moreover,the apparent porosity,pore number,and average pore area decreased significantly with the addition of chemical materials,resulting in smoother pore shapes and more complex and evenly distributed pore structures.The study identified that nanomaterials,flocculants,and chemical solutions can enhance the electro-osmotic consolidation effect,improve the discharge rate,and provide more uniform enhancement.These findings offer valuable references and suggestions for practical applications in foundation treatment.

关 键 词：纳米材料 絮凝剂 化学浆液 电渗 微观机理 孔隙结构 

分 类 号：TU443[建筑科学—岩土工程]