专项捕捞鳗苗网兼捕渔获物组成调查  

Analysis of the Composition of Elver Net During the Special Fishing

作　　者：吴磊[1] 施金金[1] 闫欣[1] 汤建华[1] 赵登峰 葛慧 WU Lei;SHI Jinjin;YAN Xin;TANG Jianhua;ZHAO Dengfeng;GE Hui(Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Nantong,Jiangsu 226007,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226000

出　　处：《水产养殖》2025年第1期6-11,共6页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：江苏省省级项目2023年伏休期专项监测(2023-SJ-160);江苏省省级项目2024年海洋专项捕捞技术支撑(2024-SJ-051);渔业生态与监测(2024-SJ-100)。

摘　　要：于2024年1月15日—4月30日,对江苏省鳗苗专项捕捞兼捕渔获物进行调查,分析其特定海域鳗苗网渔获物组成。结果表明,鳗苗网兼捕渔获物51种,其中头足类5种,虾类14种,蟹类4种,鱼类28种,隶属于16目31科43属。对兼捕渔获物进行相对重要性指数和多样性分析表明,中国毛虾和葛氏长臂虾为优势种,尤其是3月份中国毛虾为兼捕主导物种;中国毛虾为兼捕渔获物种尾数损伤率最高的品种,凤鲚幼体是鱼类在3月份兼捕渔获物尾数损伤率最高的品种。提出,应优化鳗苗专项捕捞计划,科学合理地控制捕捞强度,加大监管执法力度,推动鳗苗捕捞规范有序开展;提高网具的选择性,推广环境友好型网具。From January 15 to April 30,2024,a study was conducted in Jiangsu Province to investigate the catch of eel fry and analyze the composition of the eel fry net catch.The findings revealed that the net captured 51 species of fish,comprising 5 cephalopod species,14 shrimp species,4 crab species,and 28 fish species,which belong to 43 genera,31 families,and 16 orders.The relative importance index and diversity analysis of the bycatch indicated that the(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)and the Geocarcus longipes shrimp were the dominant species,with the Chinese hairy shrimp being particularly prevalent in March.Among the species caught,the Chinese shrimp had the highest damage rate in terms of tail numbers,while anchovy larvae exhibited the highest damage rate in March.It is recommended that the special fishing plan for eel fry be refined,fishing intensity be managed scientifically and reasonably,supervision and enforcement be strengthened,eel fry fishing standards be implemented in an orderly fashion,the selectivity of net gear be enhanced,and the use of environmentally friendly net gear be promoted.

关 键 词：鳗苗 鳗苗网 专项捕捞 物种多样性 尾数损伤率 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]