新疆燃煤电厂天然放射性水平调查分析与评价  

Investigation and Evaluation of Natural Radionuclide Levels in Coal-fired Power Plants in Xinjiang

作　　者：刘昭 格丽玛 LIU Zhao;GE Lima(Xinjiang Supervision Station of Radiation Environment,Urumqi Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区辐射环境监督站,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆环境保护》2024年第4期36-41,共6页XINJIANG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：通过对新疆12家典型燃煤电厂展开调查,分析测量其原煤、煤渣、煤灰及周围土壤中的天然放射性核素,研究放射性核素的迁移和富集规律。结果表明:12家燃煤电厂原煤中^(238)U、^(226)Ra、^(232)Th、40K、^(210)Po和^(210)Pb的比活度略大于本底值,其中2家燃煤电厂的煤渣和煤灰中^(238)U、^(226)Ra、^(210)Po和^(210)Pb的比活度大于1000 Bq/kg。被调查电厂煤渣中的天然放射性核素的富集因子均值范围为2.5~9.3,而煤灰中富集因子均值范围为7.6~9.7,周围土壤中的天然放射性核素比活度均处于本底水平。因此,建议煤渣和煤灰用作建筑材料时,进行放射性检测,确保建材中的放射性水平低于国家标准限值。The 12 typical coal-fired power plants in Xinjiang were selected to conduct investigations,analyzes and measures natural radionuclide in raw coal,coal slag,coal ash and surrounding soil,and the migration and enrichment patterns of radioactive nuclides were studied.The results showed that the specific activities of ^(238)U,^(232)Th,^(226)Ra,40K,^(210)Po,and ^(210)Pb in the raw coal of 12 coal-fired power plants were slightly higher than standard values.The specific activities of ^(238)U,^(226)Ra,^(210)Po,and ^(210)Pb in the coal slag and coal ash of two of the investigateed coal-fired power plants were greater than 1000 Bq/kg.The average enrichment factors of natural radionuclide in coal slag of the investigated power plants ranging from 2.5~9.3,while the average enrichment factors in coal ash ranging from 7.6~9.7.The natural radionuclide specific activities in the surrounding soil were at the background level.Therefore,it has been recommended that radioactivity testing would been carried out to ensure that the radioactivity level is lower than the national standard limit when cinder and coal ash would been used as building materials.

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 天然放射性核素 放射性水平 富集因子 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]