轮对廓形采集装置的自适应对中研究  

作　　者：石建刚 雷蕾[2] 宋冬利[2] 

机构地区：[1]国能铁路装备有限责任公司包头车辆维修分公司,内蒙古包头014060 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2025年第1期146-151,155,共7页Technology Innovation and Application

基　　金：国能铁路装备有限责任公司包头车辆维修分公司研究项目(TZKY-21-45)。

摘　　要：该文针对检修车间内测量轮对全廓形的需求,综合环境、工况、成本和需求等因素,在现有镟前轮对测量设备的基础上,增加补充激光传感法测量的轮对廓形采集装置。考虑轮对测量机测量时会由于轮对车轴抬升高度的不同,导致廓形采集位置不过轴心会对廓形测量数据造成误差的这一问题,该文提出一种基于图像的轮对廓采集装置的自适应对中方法,算法体现对物体表面纹理变化的鲁棒性,大大增加激光这种小目标检测的准确性,检测时间平均每张1.01 s,满足对实时性的要求。实现在不同光照条件影响下,廓形采集装置的快速、精确的自适应调节,提升廓形检测精度的同时为轮对镟修计划编排提供基础。Aiming at the need to measure the full profile of wheelsets in the maintenance workshop,this paper integrates factors such as environment,working conditions,cost,and demand,and adds a wheelset profile acquisition device for laser sensing method to the existing wheel lathe measurement equipment.Considering the problem that the profile collection position does not exceed the axis during measurement by the wheelset measuring machine due to the different lifting heights of the wheelset axle,which will cause errors to the profile measurement data,this paper proposes an image-based wheelset profile acquisition device.Adaptive centering method for the algorithm reflects the robustness to changes in the surface texture of the object and greatly increases the accuracy of the detection of small targets such as lasers.The average detection time for each piece is 1.01 s,meeting the real-time requirements,which realizes fast and accurate adaptive adjustment of the profile collection device under the influence of different lighting conditions,improves the accuracy of profile detection and provides a foundation for the layout of wheelset turning plans.

关 键 词：车轮廓形 廓形采集装置 光照条件 自适应 位移调整 激光点定位 

分 类 号：U279.3[机械工程—车辆工程]