进退之间:灾害史视域下的三线建设研究  

Between Advance and Retreat:Research on the Three-line Construction under the Perspective of Disaster History

作　　者：陈君锋 徐有威[2] CHEN Junfeng;XU Youwei(School of Marxism,South West University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Department of History,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学马克思主义学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]上海大学历史系,上海200444

出　　处：《安徽史学》2025年第1期119-129,共11页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：四川省社科重点研究基地中国近现代西南区域政治与社会研究中心2024年重点项目“三线建设与乡村能源文化发展研究--以四川绵阳地区为例”(XNZZSH2403);四川三线建设研究中心2023年度重点项目“三线建设与乡村教育文化发展研究--以四川绵阳地区为例”(SXZ23-03)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：三线建设时期,因过分强调“靠山、分散、隐蔽”的建设原则,加之任务急、时间紧,部分地处山区的三线工矿企业未进行全面的科学论证和系统的工程地质勘探便开始建设,导致其在生产生活中面临一系列自然灾害的挑战。为了战胜洪涝、地震、滑坡等“自然之困”,三线建设者们在总结经验教训基础上,通过科学选址、系统防灾减灾等方式来减少自然灾害带来的干扰,取得了一定成绩。但由于自然灾害的突发性、不可控性以及山区无法解决的抗灾救灾问题,迫使部分三线工矿企业在调整改造中避灾而走,脱险搬迁,谋求新生。三线建设史宛如一部三线建设者的灾害斗争史。从灾害史视域研究三线建设历史与文化,可以帮助世人窥看三线建设的另一面相,且是有待开拓的新领域,值得学术界进一步探索,以便于深化三线建设研究。During the third-line construction period,due to the excessive emphasis on the construction principle of“backer,dispersion and concealment”,coupled with the urgent task and tight time,some third-line industrial and mining enterprises located in mountainous areas started construction without comprehensive scientific demonstration and systematic engineering geological exploration,resulting in a series of challenges of natural disasters in production and life.In order to overcome the“natural difficulties”such as flood,earthquake and landslide,the third-line builders have reduced the interference caused by natural disasters through scientific site selection and systematic disaster prevention and mitigation,and made certain achievements.However,due to the sudden and uncontrollable nature of natural disasters and the disaster relief problems that cannot be solved in mountainous areas,some third-line industrial and mining enterprises are forced to avoid the disaster and move out of danger and seek new life.The history of the third-line construction is just like a history of the disaster struggle of the third-line builders.The study of the history and culture of the third-line construction from the perspective of disaster history can help the world to see the other side of the third-line construction,and it is a new field to be explored,which is worth further exploration by the academic circle,so as to deepen the research of the third-line construction.

关 键 词：三线建设 自然灾害 抗灾救灾 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]