智能大坝建设与韧性提升发展路径研究  

Development path and resilience reinforcement studies on intelligent dam construction

作　　者：盛金保[1,2] 李宏恩[1,2] 王芳[2] Sheng Jinbao;Li Hong’en;Wang Fang

机构地区：[1]水利部大坝安全管理中心,南京210029 [2]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第24期68-77,共10页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3005400);国家自然科学基金(U2443231);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(Y722003、Y723008)。

摘　　要：近年来颠覆传统认知的极端降水事件频繁发生,对水库大坝安全度汛造成严重威胁,世界范围内洪水漫坝及漫顶溃坝事故时有发生,水库大坝应对极端事件的工程韧性亟待提升。移动互联网、大数据、云计算、物联网、人工智能等新一代信息技术阶跃式发展为水库大坝安全管理数字化、网络化、智能化变革提供了重要契机。强化数字赋能,对传统水库大坝开展智能化改造,是提升水库大坝工程韧性、有效防范各类极端事件风险的重要路径。从提升水库大坝工程韧性角度出发,探讨了智能大坝定义及其内涵、特征,总结了智能大坝研究与建设现状及面临的问题与挑战,凝练了智能大坝建设需要攻关突破的关键科学问题与关键技术。从加强顶层设计、科学谋划智能大坝建设规划与实施路径,加快构建智能大坝建造与智能化改造理论体系,加强科技创新以组织开展智能大坝建设关键技术和装备攻关,支撑透彻感知体系以及智能诊断、智能预警、智慧运维、智慧决策系统平台构建,加强技术标准体系建设与示范引领并推进智能大坝建设与智能化改造先行先试等方面,提出智能大坝建设路径。In recent years,extreme precipitation events occurred frequently that have overturned traditional knowledge,posing a serious threat to the safety of reservoir and dam in flood season.The happening of floods and dam failures worldwide require higher resilience.The leap forward development of new information technology,such as mobile Internet,big data,cloud computing,Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,provides an opportunity for reform of dam safety management with digital,networked and intelligent systems.Application of these technologies to modernize reservoir and dam shall provide a solution for building resilience and risk reduction.From the perspective of enhancing reservoir and dam resilience,introductions are made on definition,connotation,and characteristics of intelligent dam,current research and construction status,problems and challenges,as well as key issues need to be addressed in the construction of intelligent dams.Firstly,we need to strengthen top-level design,planning and implementation path,and accelerates establishment of a theoretical system for intelligent dam construction.Secondly,we need to boost technological innovation in the development of technology and research,create a clear perception system,as well as intelligent diagnosis,intelligent warning,intelligent operation and maintenance,and intelligent decision-making system platform.Thirdly,we need to form technical standard system,take lead with pilot and rehabilitation projects,and provide a path for intelligent dam construction.

关 键 词：智能大坝 韧性提升 透彻感知 智能诊断 智能预警 智慧决策 自主馈控 

分 类 号：TV64[水利工程—水利水电工程]