嘉峪关市利用生活垃圾制备改性生物炭及其在吸附净化废水中有机污染物中的应用  

The Preparation of Modified Biochar from Domestic Waste in Jiayuguan City and its Application for the Adsorption and Purification of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater

作　　者：杜山 徐万秀 石磊 张晓莉 铁建华 刘芳 Du Shan;Xu Wanxiu;Shi Lei;Zhang Xiaoli;Tie Jianhua;Liu Fang(Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiayuguan,Gansu Province,Jiayuguan,China;Gansu Jinshi Wisdom Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jiayuguan,China;Lanshi Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou,China;Ecological Environment Bureau of Jiayuguan,Jiayuguan,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省嘉峪关生态环境监测中心,甘肃嘉峪关 [2]甘肃金石智慧环保科技有限公司,甘肃嘉峪关 [3]兰石集团有限公司,甘肃兰州 [4]嘉峪关市生态环境局,甘肃嘉峪关

出　　处：《科学技术创新》2025年第3期5-10,共6页Scientific and Technological Innovation

基　　金：2023年嘉峪关市科技计划项目《嘉峪关市生活垃圾制备生物活性炭材料并用于污水中重金属离子净化的研究与应用》;项目编号:23-36。

摘　　要：以嘉峪关市垃圾处理厂的生活垃圾为原料,通过分类,预处理,隔绝氧气程序升温烧制生物炭材料。在此基础上自主合成高沸点烃基共轭结构的熔融盐作为生物炭的涂层,再次煅烧制备了涂层生物炭。通过电镜、红外光谱、比表面积和孔径等参数对材料进行表征。涂层生物炭材料比表面积为977.42 m2/g,平均孔径为2.85 nm。材料表面含有大量无序的孔隙,表面也修饰了萘环和辛基等官能团。模拟吸附实验中,当料液比为1:200时,0.2μg/mL浓度条件下,对链烃、卤代烃、芳香烃、胺类和酚类物质的吸附效率高达90%。以兰石重型装备股份有限公司污水缓冲池中污水为研究对象,水质化学需氧量为目标,对材料进行实际应用的验证,仍然取得良好的净化吸附效果。Biochar material was produced from domestic waste at the Jiayuguan City Waste Treatment Plant through sorting,pretreatment,and oxygen-isolation procedures involving temperature elevation and firing.Subsequently,a high-boiling-point hydrocarbon conjugate structure of fused salt was synthesized and applied as a coating for the biochar,which was then subjected to further calcination.The materials underwent characterization via electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,specific surface area analysis,pore size determination,and other parameters.The specific surface area of the coated biochar material measured 977.42 m2/g,with an average pore size of 2.85 nm.The material surface exhibited a high density of disordered pores,along with identified functional groups such as naphthalene rings and octyl groups.In simulated adsorption experiments,the material demonstrated exceptional efficiency in adsorbing chain hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,amines,and phenols,achieving up to 90%removal at a material-liquid ratio of 1:200 and a concentration of 0.2滋g/mL.The research focused on a sewage buffer tank of Lan Zhou LS Heavy Equipment Co.,Ltd.,targeting chemical oxygen demand in water quality.Practical application verification confirmed satisfactory purification and adsorption effectiveness.

关 键 词：工业废弃物 生物炭 涂层 熔融盐 化学需氧量 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O62[理学—有机化学]