地方政府策略性行为与财政可持续性——基于减税降费与增长目标压力的视角  

Local Governments' Strategic Behaviors and Fiscal Sustainability:From the Perspective of Tax Cuts, Fee Reductions, and Growth Target Pressure

作　　者：许晏君 邓晓兰[1] 刘若鸿 Xu Yanjun;Deng Xiaolan;Liu Ruohong(School of Economics and Finance,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an;School of Economics,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院 [2]福建师范大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2024年第6期72-84,共13页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：福建省社会科学研究基地重大项目“营商环境影响专精特新中小企业高质量发展的机制与路径研究”(项目编号:FJ2023JDZ022);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“双向直接投资赋能国内国际双循环:动力机制与实现路径研究”(项目编号:22JJD790038)。

摘　　要：财政可持续性是目前中国宏观经济领域的重要议题。文章通过构建财政反应函数,测算地方财政可持续性,基于减税降费和增长目标压力的视角,实证检验地方政府的“放水养鱼”和“揠苗助长”两种策略性行为对财政可持续性的影响效应。研究发现,具备“放水养鱼”特征的减税降费显著促进了地方财政可持续性,而具备“揠苗助长”特征的增长目标压力则显著抑制了地方财政可持续性。机制检验表明,减税降费和增长目标压力主要通过土地财政依赖、在位企业数量和资源配置扭曲等路径作用于地方财政可持续性。进一步地,地方政府策略性行为对财政可持续性的影响基于区域、官员更替以及市场化程度的不同而存在异质性,且增长目标压力对减税降费影响财政可持续性存在调节效应。文章的研究结论对于优化减税降费政策效率、健全增长目标管理体系和保障地方财政可持续性具有一定的政策启示。Fiscal sustainability is a critical issue in China's macroeconomic landscape.This study employs a fiscal response function to measure local government fiscal sustainability(LGFS)and investigates the impact of two distinct strategic behaviors-tax cuts and fee reductions(TCFR)and growth target pressure(CTP)-on LCFS.The findings reveal that TCFR,characterized by the"feeding fish by releasing water"approach,significantly enhances LCFS,while GTP,resembling a"pulling seedlings to help them grow"strategy,significantly undermines it.Mechanism analysis indicates that TCFR and CTP primarily influence LCFS through pathways such as reliance on land finance,changes in the number of incumbent enterprises,and distortions in resource allocation.Moreover,the impact of local governments'strategic behaviors on LCFS exhibits notable heterogeneity based on regional factors,official turnover,and the level of marketization.Additionally,GTP moderates the effect of TCFR on LGFS.These findings provide policy insights for optimizing the efficiency of TCFR policies,improving growth target management systems,and ensuring LCFS.

关 键 词：地方政府 财政可持续性 减税降费 增长目标压力 

分 类 号：F81[经济管理—财政学]