基于马斯洛需求层次理论的舒适护理干预对胆囊癌术后患者恢复情况及负性情绪的影响  

Effect of comfort nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory on the recovery and negative emotions of patients with gallbladder carcinoma after operation

作　　者：蔡少瑾 李艳萍 王丹[1] CAI Shaojin;LI Yanping;WANG Dan(Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,Henan Provincial People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省人民医院肝胆胰腺外科,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《黑龙江医药科学》2025年第1期15-18,共4页Heilongjiang Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目,编号:LHGJ2018020402。

摘　　要：目的:分析基于马斯洛需求层次理论的舒适护理干预在胆囊癌(gallbladder carcinoma, GBC)术后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取河南省人民医院2022年1月至2024年1月100例GBC术后患者临床资料,依照护理干预方式不同分为两组,对照组48例接受常规护理干预,观察组52例在对照组基础上接受基于马斯洛需求层次理论的舒适护理干预,比较两组恢复情况、干预前后负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(self rating anxiety scale, SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self rating depression scale, SDS)]、舒适度[Kolcaba舒适状况量表(general comfort questionnaire, GCQ)]、尊严感[尊严量表(patient dignity invpentory, PDI)]、自我管理能力[成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表(adults health self-management skill rating scale,AHSMSRS)]。结果:与对照组比较,观察组并发症发生率较低,胃肠功能恢复时间较短(P<0.05);干预后,两组SAS评分、SDS评分,以及心理状态、独立性、精神平和、症状困扰、社会支持维度评分均降低,且观察组降低幅度更大(P<0.05);干预后,两组生理、心理、精神、社会文化和环境维度评分及自我管理认知、行为、环境维度评分均升高,且观察组升高更为明显(P<0.05)。结论:基于马斯洛需求层次理论的舒适护理干预能改善GBC术后患者负性情绪,提高舒适度、尊严感、自我管理能力,促进术后恢复。Objective:To analyze the application effect of comfort nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory in patients with gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)after surgery.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 100 patients with gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)who underwent surgery at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024.These patients were divided into two groups based on the type of nursing intervention received.The control group(48 patients)received routine nursing intervention,while the observation group(52 patients)received comfort nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory in addition to the routine nursing provided to the control group.The recovery status,negative emotions before and after the intervention[self rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)],comfort level[Kolcaba's general comfort questionnaire(GCQ)],sense of dignity[patient dignity inventory(PDI)],and self-management ability[adults health self-management skill rating scale,AHSMSRS]were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the control group,the observation group had lower incidence of complications and shorter recovery time for gastrointestinal function(P<0.05);After the intervention,both groups showed decreased scores in SAS,SDS,as well as the dimensions of psychological status,independence,spiritual peace,symptomatic distress and social support,with a more significant reduction observed in the observation group(P<0.05).Additionally,after the intervention,both groups had increased scores in the dimensions of physiological,psychological,spiritual,sociocultural and environmental dimensions,as well as self-management cognition,behavior,and environment dimensions,with a more obvious increase observed in the observation group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comfort nursing intervention based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory can improve negative emotions,enhance comfort,dignity,and self-management ability in patients after gallbladder cancer(GBC)surgery,and promote po

关 键 词：舒适护理 马斯洛需求层次理论 胆囊癌 舒适度 负性情绪 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]