探讨产钳和胎吸术助产对头位难产产妇妊娠结局的影响  

Study on the effects of forceps and vacuum extraction on pregnancy outcomes in women with cephalic dystocia

作　　者：文春蓉 苏爱玉 赵楚楚 谢丽娜 林延泽 WEN Chunrong;SU Aiyu;ZHAO Chuchu;XIE Lina;LIN Yanze(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Second Hospital of Nanping City,Nanping 354200,China)

机构地区：[1]南平市第二医院妇产科,福建南平354200

出　　处：《黑龙江医药科学》2025年第1期106-109,共4页Heilongjiang Medicine and Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:探究产钳和胎吸术在处理头位难产孕妇时对妊娠结果的不同影响。方法:选取2018年12月至2023年12月福建省南平市第二医院接诊的216例接受产钳阴道分娩(PVD)干预的头位难产孕妇的病例资料进行分析。将研究对象分为两组:产钳组(n=163,采用产钳助产)和胎吸组(n=53,采用胎吸术助产)。比较两组间的助产成功率、新生儿出生1 min Apgar评分以及母婴并发症的发生率。结果:在使用产钳的孕妇群体中,有2.45%(4例)最终采取紧急剖宫产,成功分娩的比例为97.55%;胎吸组中有16.98%(9例)升级为紧急剖宫产,44例成功分娩,成功率为83.02%。两组的数据在统计学上有显著差异(P<0.05)。新生儿在出生1 min内的Apgar评分在≤3分、4~7分、≥8分3个级别的对比中,两组间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。产钳组的软产道损伤等各单项并发症以及合计的发生率均高于胎吸组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。产钳组新生儿出现皮肤擦伤等单项并发症的风险低于胎吸组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),产钳组新生儿并发症合计发生率低于胎吸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:产钳助产在处理头位难产时的成功率超过胎吸术,且新生儿并发症的发生率较低,对优化妊娠结果和保护母婴安全具有积极影响。Objective:Investigate the different effects of forceps and vacuum extraction on pregnancy outcomes in women with cephalic dystocia.Methods:The case data of 216 pregnant women with cephalic dystocia who underwent vaginal delivery assisted by forceps(PVD)intervention in the Second Hospital of Nanping City,Fujian Province,from December 2018 to December 2023,were analyzed.The participants were divided into two groups:the forceps group(n=163,assisted by forceps)and the vacuum extraction group(n=53,assisted by vacuum extraction).The success rates of assisted delivery,the 1-minute Apgar scores after birth and the incidence of maternal-neonatal complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the pregnant women who used forceps,2.45%(4 caces)ultimately underwent emergency cesarean section,with a successful delivery rate of 97.55%.In the vacuum extraction group,16.98%(9 caces)required emergency cesarean section,and 44 deliveries were successful,resulting in a success rate of 83.02%.These data showed statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05).For the 1-minute Apgar scores after birth,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the three categories(≤3 points,4~7 points,and≥8 points)(P>0.05).The individual and total incidence rates of complications related to soft birth canal injuries in the forceps group were higher than those in the vacuum extraction group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The risk of individual complications such as skin abrasions in newborns in the forceps group was lower than that in the vacuum extraction group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).However,the total incidence of neonatal complications in the forceps group was lower than that in the vacuum extraction group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:Forceps-assisted delivery has a higher success rate and a lower incidence of neonatal complications in managing cephalic dystocia,positively impacting pr

关 键 词：产钳 助产 头位难产 妊娠结局 并发症 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]