深圳湾表层沉积物砷、镉、汞和营养元素的分布与富集特征  

Distribution and enrichment of arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and nutrient elements in surface sediment of Shenzhen Bay

作　　者：甘华阳[1,2] 林海 何海军 GAN Huayang;LIN Hai;HE Haijun(Institute of Marine Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 511458,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]广州海洋地质调查局海洋生态环境研究所,广州511458 [2]自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,广州511458

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2025年第1期42-52,共11页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局“粤港澳大湾区西部海岸带地质环境调查”(DD20242792);科技基础资源调查专项“北部湾资源环境综合调查”(2023FY100800)。

摘　　要：基于2020年的调查资料研究了深圳湾(深圳管辖区)表层沉积物中砷、镉、汞和氮、磷等营养元素的含量、空间分布、富集、来源以及生态风险等特征,深圳湾表层沉积物中As、Cd、Hg、TN、TP和TOC的含量分别为16.46±3.78μg/g、0.26±0.10μg/g、0.110±0.044μg/g、947±281μg/g、631±214μg/g和1.41%±0.41%。三种重金属含量在内湾深圳河口外和蛇口港沿岸相对较高;TN、TP和TOC含量则在内湾含量较高。排污等人类活动输入导致了TN、TP、As和Cd在深圳湾表层沉积物中富集,其中TN在整个海湾都明显富集,后三者则主要富集于内湾的深圳河口、北部沿岸和湾口港口区。As、Cd可能主要来源于港口船只排污,而TN、TP则可能主要来源于沿岸污水溢流。虽然深圳湾大部分海域表层沉积物中As、Cd、Hg和TOC含量均低于我国沉积物质量一类标准阈值,满足目前一般工业用水、滨海风景旅游的环境功能要求,但As、TN、TOC和TP含量仍可能会对某些敏感底栖生物产生负面影响,需持续保持关注。The characteristics of content,spatial distribution,enrichment,source,and ecological risk for arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),mercury(Hg),nitrogen(N),phosphorus P),and organic carbon(OC)in surface sediment of Shenzhen Bay(Shenzhen,Guangdong,South China)were studied based on sediment samples obtained in 2020.The contents of As,Cd,Hg,TN(total N),TP(total P),and TOC(total OC)in the surface sediment of Shenzhen Bay were 16.46±3.78μg/g,0.26±0.10μg/g,0.110±0.044μg/g,947±281μg/g,631±214μg/g,and 1.41%±0.41%,respectively.The contents of three heavy metals are relatively high outside the Shenzhen River estuary and along the coast of the Shekou Port.The contents of TN,TP,and TOC are relatively high in the inner bay.The inputs of human activities such as pollution discharges lead to the enrichments of TN,TP,As,and Cd in surface sediment.TN was enriched significantly throughout the entire bay,while other three elements were mainly enriched in the Shenzhen River estuary,the northern coast of inner bay and port area in the bay mouth.As and Cd might come from mainly vessel discharge,while TN and TP derived probably from coastal domestic sewage.The contents of As,Cd,Hg,and TOC in surface sediment were lower than China’s national Class 1 benchmark thresholds for sediment within most of the Shenzhen Bay,which means they could meet the current environment functional requirements for general industrial water use and coastal scenic tourism.However,As,TN,TOC and TP shall be paid with continuous attention as they may pose negative impacts on some sensitive benthos.

关 键 词：重金属 营养元素 表层沉积物 生态风险 深圳湾 

分 类 号：P736.4[天文地球—海洋地质]