人大制度从构想到正式建立的创新实践、历史经验与重要价值  

The Innovative Practices,Historical Experiences,and Significant Value of the People's Congress System from Conception to Formal Establishment

作　　者：袁达毅 YUAN Dayi(Public Policy Research Center,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学公共政策研究中心,北京102488

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2025年第1期62-71,共10页Journal of Wuling

摘　　要：人民代表大会制度的构想,是在中国共产党领导建立农村和城市政权、中华苏维埃共和国、苏维埃共和国、边区议会和参议会等实践中产生的,是对实践经验进行理论思考的结果。人民代表大会制度构想提出后并未立即实行,而是在经历了各界代表会、各界人民代表会议、中国人民政治协商会议、地方各级人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会等五种形式的政权建设实践创新,并在实践创新中积累丰富经验的基础上实行的,其基本经验是:坚持以马克思主义为指导,推进马克思主义政权建设理论中国化;坚持以人民为中心,突出政权建设的人民性;坚持与时俱进,不断创新政权组织形式;坚持从实际出发,着眼于实际的民主等。这些实践创新经验对于推进开发区人大工作和全过程人民民主具有重要价值:坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,推进开发区人大工作全覆盖;坚持以人民为中心,推进开发区人大工作提质增效;坚持与时俱进,积极推进开发区人大工作创新;坚持国家立法和地方立法并举,推进开发区人大工作法治化;坚持发展全过程人民民主,注重民主实效;坚持理论指导、法律指导、政策指导和经验指导相结合,充分发挥“四个指导”的作用;坚持党的领导,围绕中心服务大局;坚持中央统一领导,充分发挥地方的积极性和创造性。The conception of the system of people's congresses emerged from the practice of establishing rural and urban political power,including the Chinese Soviet Republic,Soviet Republics,border region councils,and consultative assemblies,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It is the result of theoretical reflection on these practical experiences.Rather than being implemented immediately,the system of people's congresses was put into practice following a series of innovative political power construction experiences,such as representative conferences from various sectors,people's representative conferences from various sectors,the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference,and local people's congresses from various sectors.These practices accumulated rich experience,with the following key lessons learned:adhering to Marxism as the guide to promote the sinicization of Marxist theory on political power construction;prioritizing the people and highlighting the people-oriented nature of political power construction;keeping pace with the times and continuously innovating the organizational form of political power;and proceeding from reality with a focus on practical democracy.These innovative practical experiences hold significant value for advancing the work of people's congresses in development zones and promoting whole-process people's democracy:adhering to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guide to promote comprehensive coverage of the work of people's congresses in development zones;prioritizing the people to enhance the quality and efficiency of the work of people's congresses in development zones;keeping pace with the times to actively promote innovation in the work of people's congresses in development zones;adhering to both national and local legislation to promote the legalization of the work of people's congresses in development zones;developing whole-process people's democracy with a focus on democratic effectiveness;combining theoretical,leg

关 键 词：人民代表大会制度 开发区人大工作 政权建设 制度创新 制度自信 

分 类 号：D622[政治法律—政治学]