试论魏晋文化的总体潮流精神  

Research on the Overall Trend and Spirit of Wei-Jin Culture

作　　者：宁稼雨[1] Ning Jiayu

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《中州学刊》2025年第1期144-157,共14页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

摘　　要：魏晋文化是士人文化的起步阶段,在中国士人文化乃至整个中国文化演变历程中占有重要地位。魏晋士人文化的最大特色与亮点,就是用个人色彩很强的全新士人价值观念和人生信条来取代此前为中央集权专制统治服务的帝王文化。其总体潮流精神集中表现在以下四个方面:一是以超然的精神追求取代现实物质欲求,二是以个体的自由洒脱取代社会的规矩樊笼,三是以“道统”良知取代皇权“势统”控驭,四是以审美人生态度取代现实功利人生态度。这些理念不仅明确夯实了中国古代士人文化的基本底色和价值取向,而且也为后来唐宋士人文化高潮繁荣局面的到来起到了十分重要的文化引领作用。Wei-Jin Culture was the starting point of the scholar-official culture,occupying an important position in the evolution of scholar-official culture in China and the entire Chinese culture.The most distinctive feature and highlight of Wei-Jin scholar-official culture was replacing the imperial culture that served the centralized autocratic rule with a completely new set of scholar-official value concepts and life creed that bore strong personal colors.The overall trend of the culture was manifested in the following four aspects:replacing materialistic pursuits with detached spiritual pursuits,replacing social constraints with individual freedom and carefree attitude,replacing the“dynasty’s moral authority”with the“moral authority of the Way”,and replacing the utilitarian life attitude with an aesthetic life attitude.These values not only clearly solidified the basic color and value orientation of ancient Chinese scholar culture,but also played a very important cultural leading role in the arrival of the prosperous period of Tang and Song scholar culture.

关 键 词：魏晋文化 潮流精神 士人文化 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]