流速对许氏平鲉幼鱼生长、个性和焦虑行为的影响  

Effects of flow velocity on the growth,personality,and anxiety behavior of the juvenile Sebastes schlegelii

作　　者：房鼎航 魏涛 贾彪 韩岩珂 田涛 于晓明[1,3,4] FANG Dinghang;WEI Tao;JIA Biao;HAN Yanke;TIAN Tao;YU Xiaoming(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Marine Science,Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Engineering and Technology Research Center of Marine Pasture,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Fisheries,Ministry of Education,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]辽宁省海洋牧场工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 [4]大连海洋大学设施渔业教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第1期52-58,共7页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：大连海洋大学设施渔业教育部重点实验室(202316);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(JL202001);大连市科技创新基金项目(2021JJ11CG001)。

摘　　要：为探析不同水流速度对鱼类生长性能和行为的影响,以许氏平鲉幼鱼为研究对象,观测了其在0(对照组)、1和2 BL/s 3个流速下的特定生长率和增重率等生长性能指标,勇敢性、探索性和活跃性等个性特征,及其焦虑行为,并分析了各指标之间的相关性。结果表明,生长性能指标终体长、终体质量、特定生长率和增重率在各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。个性特征方面,勇敢性和活跃性的各项指标在3组间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在探索性指标中,2 BL/s组鱼围绕陌生物体的次数显著大于1 BL/s组和对照组(P<0.05),3组间距离陌生物体的平均距离差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。焦虑性指标中,试验鱼进入明亮区的次数在3组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1 BL/s组鱼在明亮区停留的总时间明显大于2 BL/s组(P<0.05),而对照组鱼群在明亮区停留的总时间与其他两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。相关性分析表明,对照组中试验鱼群的探索性与活跃性呈正相关(P<0.05);1 BL/s组中,探索性与焦虑性呈负相关(P<0.05);2 BL/s组中,勇敢性、探索性和活跃性均呈正相关(P<0.05),探索性与活跃性也呈正相关(P<0.05)。综上,水流速度对许氏平鲉幼鱼的生长性能、勇敢性和活跃性无显著影响,但对其探索性和焦虑行为存在一定影响;其个性特征总体呈正相关;高流速(2 BL/s)可能会增加许氏平鲉幼鱼的探索行为,但同时会提高其焦虑性。研究结果有助于了解鱼类对水流速度的行为响应特征,为养殖鱼类福利的改善提供参考。To analyze the effects of different water flow velocities on the growth performance and behavior of fish,juvenile Sebastes schlegelii was selected as the research object.Growth performance indexes,such as specific growth rate and weight gain rate,personality characteristics such as bravery,exploration and activity,and anxiety were observed at 3 flow rates of 0(control group),1 and 2 BL/s,and the correlation among these indexes was analyzed.The results of growth performance showed that there were no significant differences in final body length,final body mass,specific growth rate and weight gain rate among all groups(P>0.05).In terms of personality characteristics,there were no significant differences in bravery and activity among the three groups(P>0.05).Among the exploratory indicators,the number of times surrounding strange objects in 2 BL/s group was significantly higher than that in 1 BL/s group and control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the mean distance between the three groups(P>0.05).Among the anxiety indicators,the number of fish entering the bright area did not reach the significant level among the three groups(P>0.05).The total time of fish in the bright area in 1 BL/s group was significantly higher than that in 2 BL/s group(P<0.05),while the total time of fish in the control group was not significantly different from that in the other two groups(P>0.05).Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between exploration and activity of fish in control group(P<0.05).In the 1 BL/s group,exploration was negatively correlated with anxiety(P<0.05);in the 2 BL/s group,boldness was positively correlated with both exploratory and active activity(P<0.05),and exploratory and active activity were also positively correlated(P<0.05).In summary,water flow speed has no significant effect on growth performance,bravery and activity,but has some effect on exploratory and anxious behavior.Their personality traits were positively correlated;high flow rates(2 BL/s)may increase explo

关 键 词：水流速度 许氏平鲉 生长性能 个性行为 焦虑性 

分 类 号：S967.6[农业科学—水产养殖]