飞行人员指令性言语测听双音节词表的编制和等价性分析  

Development and equivalence analysis of disyllable lists for directive speech audiometry for flight personnel

作　　者：党梓怡 翟丽红 王蒙 金占国 DANG Ziyi;ZHAI Lihong;WANG Meng;JIN Zhanguo(Vertigo Clinic/Research Center of Aerospace Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心眩晕诊疗研究中心,北京100142

出　　处：《空军军医大学学报》2025年第1期78-80,87,共4页Journal of Air Force Medical University

基　　金：军队后勤科研重点项目(BKJ23WS1J002);全军医学科技青年培育项目(14QNP067)。

摘　　要：目的研制7套具备音位平衡特征的双音节测试材料并进行等价性分析。方法按照常用原则,在解放军军语空军部分筛选出500条军事飞行人员地空交流常用的双音节词,并选取歼击机、运输机及直升机各30名飞行人员对词表常用程度进行调查,确定难度一致的双音节词343个,按照音位平衡原则制成7张(每张49词)双音节测试词表。选取28名年龄18~25岁的飞行人员,使用7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表作为测试材料,使用0、4、8、12 dB HL四个固定强度从低到高的顺序进行言语测试,受试者聆听7张词表的顺序不同,记录每张词表在各个声强下的言语识别率。使用SPSS 26.0对结果进行分析。结果7张词表相互等价性较好(P>0.05);在不同测试强度下言语识别率有显著差异(P<0.001)。言语识别率强度函数(P-I)曲线平均斜率为4.12%/dB;当识别率为50%时,给声强度平均值为(4.31±0.35)dB HL,斜率为7.28%/dB,为曲线中最陡峭部分;识别率20%~80%线性区域平均斜率为4.98%/dB。结论该研究表明所编制的7张飞行人员指令性双音节词表具有较好的等价性,并建立了听力正常飞行人员的P-I曲线,可应用于临床测试、实验研究及医学鉴定工作中。Objective To develop seven sets of disyllable test materials with phonemic balance characteristics,and carry out equivalence analysis.Methods According to the common principles,500 disyllable words commonly used by military flight personnel in air-to-ground communications were screened out.Thirty pilots from fighter aircraft,transport aircraft and helicopter respectively were selected to investigate the common use of the word lists,343 disyllable words with the same difficulty were determined,and seven disyllable word lists(49 words each)were made according to the principle of phonemic balance.Twenty-eight flight personnel aged 18 to 25 years old were selected and seven directive disyllable lists for flight personnel were used as test materials.The speech test was conducted using four fixed intensities of 0,4,8 and 12 dB HL in order from low to high.The subjects listened to the seven word lists in different orders,and recorded the speech recognition rate of each word list at each sound intensity.SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the results.Results There was good equivalence between the seven word lists(P>0.05).There were significant differences in speech recognition rate under different test intensities(P<0.001).The average slope of the performance-intensity function(P-I)was 4.12%/dB.When the recognition rate was 50%,the average intensity of the given sound was(4.31±0.35)dB HL,and the slope was 7.28%/dB,which was the steepest part of the curve.The average slope of recognition rate 20%to 80%linear area was 4.98%/dB.Conclusion This study shows that the seven directive disyllabic lists for flight personnel have good equivalence,and the P-I curve of flight personnel with normal hearing is established,which can be used in clinical testing,experimental research and medical identification.

关 键 词：言语测听 双音节词 等价性 飞行人员 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]