长期宽窄行交替种植条带深松对农田黑土理化特性和玉米产量的影响  

Effects of Long-term Wide-narrow Row Alternative Planting with Strip Subsoiling Tillage on Physicochemical Properties and Maize Yield in Farmland Black Soil

作　　者：周思琪 罗洋[2] 隋鹏祥 王浩[2] 任英[2] 郑洪兵[2] 李瑞平 赵宇[4] 袁野 田圣陶 傅民杰[1] 郑金玉[2] 刘武仁[2] ZHOU Si-qi;LUO Yang;SUI Peng-xiang;WANG Hao;REN Ying;ZHENG Hong-bing;LI Rui-ping;ZHAO Yu;YUAN Ye;TIAN Sheng-tao;FU Min-jie;ZHENG Jin-yu;LIU Wu-ren(Agricultural College,Yanbian University,Yanbian 133002;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China)/Northeast Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changchun 130033;College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019;Songyuan Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Songyuan 138000,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延边133002 [2]吉林省农业科学院(中国农业科技东北创新中心)/农业部东北生理生态与耕作重点实验室,长春130033 [3]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019 [4]松原市农业技术推广总站,吉林松原138000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第9期70-77,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：吉林科技发展计划项目(20230302005NC,20230202023NC);吉林省创新工程项目(KYJF2023DX017);国家重点研发计划项目子课(2022YFD1500104-03)。

摘　　要：分析定位试验23年后传统耕作(CT)和宽窄行交替种植条带深松(ST)两种耕作方式土壤剖面理化特性和玉米产量差异,探明保护性耕作对农田黑土结构特性、肥力和玉米产量的长期影响。结果表明,与CT处理相比,ST处理显著降低0~20 cm土层容重和垂直方向20~22.5 cm土层紧实度,增加0~20 cm土层非毛管孔隙度、田间持水量、饱和含水量和饱和导水率,显著提高30~90 cm土层有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量、C∶P、C∶K、N∶P和N∶K,增加0~10 cm土层全磷和速效磷含量,改善0~40 cm土层pH值,玉米产量提升5.75%~17.39%。This study investigates the long-term effects of conservation tillage on the structural properties,soil fertility,and maize yield in farmland black soil.It compares the physicochemical properties of soil profiles and maize yields between conventional tillage(CT) and wide-narrow row alternative planting with strip subsoiling tillage(ST) after 23 years of experimentation.The results indicate that,compared to CT,ST significantly reduced bulk density in the 0-20 cm soil layer and penetration resistance in the 20-22.5 cm soil layer.Additionally,ST improved the field capacity,saturation moisture content,and saturated hydraulic conductivity in the top 20 cm of soil.ST increased the content of organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and the ratios of C∶P,C∶K,N∶P,and N∶K in the 30-90 cm soil layer.ST also elevated the levels of total and available phosphorus in the 0-10 cm soil layer and ameliorated soil pH in the 0-40 cm soil layer.Furthermore,ST increased maize yields by 5.75% to17.39% compared to CT.

关 键 词：玉米 保护性耕作 深松 黑土 化学计量比 

分 类 号：S513.047[农业科学—作物学]