The evolution of cropping structure in prehistoric Xizang  

西藏史前农业发展历史

作　　者：Yanren Wang Qi Yang Jishuai Yang Shalini Sharma Yunzhe Huang Wei He Tinley Tsring Shihua Hu Songtao Chen Qingli Sun Ting You Zhengquan Gu Yang Tsho Shargan Wangdue Zujun Chen Yu Gao Xiaoyan Yang Fahu Chen 王彦人;杨棋;杨继帅;Shalini Sharma;黄蕴哲;何伟;赤列次仁;胡诗华;陈松涛;孙青丽;游婷;顾政权;拥措;夏格旺堆;陈祖军;高玉;杨晓燕;陈发虎

机构地区：[1]Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation(ALPHA),State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment(TPESRE),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]National Centre for Archaeology,Beijing 100013,China [3]Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China [4]Key Scientific Research Base of Bioarchaeology in Cold and Arid Regions(Lanzhou University&Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology),National Cultural Heritage Administration,Lanzhou 730000,China [5]Tibetan Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Relics,Lhasa 850001,China [6]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100086,China [7]Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Hangzhou 310014,China

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2024年第24期3959-3967,共9页科学通报(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC1523600);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41930323&42371171);Basic Science Center for Tibetan Plateau Earth System(BSCTPES,41988101);the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022068);National Cultural Heritage Conservation Special Fund from National Cultural Heritage Administration,China.

摘　　要：The origin and spread of agriculture facilitated a decline in human mobility and eventually led to a predominantly sedentary lifestyle globally,including on the Tibetan Plateau.Previous studies have proposed an evolution of prehistoric agriculture,from millet-based to barley-based farming.However,details regarding the process are vague.Here,we present diachronic changes in cropping structure from Xizang on the basis of a quantitative analysis of archaeobotanical remains from 12 sites located in southeastern Xizang.The advent of agriculture in Xizang began in the southeastern region around 4800 cal a BP and resulted in a quick spread of millet agriculture from the Hengduan Mountains to the Yarlung Zangbo River region.Subsequently,the introduction of barley and wheat to Xizang led to the transformation of millet-based farming into mixed farming after 3600 cal a BP.Eventually,around 3000 cal a BP,barley and wheat dominated across the entire Xizang with declining occurrences of millet.It took more than 600 years for barley and wheat to dominate in the Tibetan cropping system,which may reflect the time required for these exotic species to adapt physiologically to their new niche.In addition to the diachronic changes in crop farming,the ratio of barley to wheat and foxtail millet to broomcorn millet also varied at different elevations possibly due to local environmental variations and the crops’physiological requirements.

关 键 词：Tibetan Plateau Plant remains Crop spread Physiological adaptation ARCHAEOBOTANY 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学]