一维HfC、ZrC、TaC的制备与应用  

Preparation and Application of One-dimensional HfC,ZrC,and TaC

作　　者：任金翠 吴义胜 李欣沂 唐艳姿 REN Jincui;WU Yisheng;LI Xinyi;TANG Yanzi(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第2期43-52,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(2024JC-YBMS-377);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划协同创新中心项目(23JY046);超高温结构复合材料重点实验室基金(2021-JCJQ-LB-073-01-02)。

摘　　要：HfC、ZrC、TaC具有超高的熔点、良好的耐高温、抗氧化、耐化学腐蚀性及较高的机械强度等优异性能。一维HfC、ZrC、TaC不仅具有其块体材料的优异性能也具有一维材料良好的力学性能,作为增韧材料、高温防护材料、电子材料、电化学催化材料、储氢材料等受到广泛关注。综述了化学气相沉积法(CVD)、有机先驱体转化法、熔盐法等一维HfC、ZrC、TaC的制备方法。综述了一维HfC、ZrC、TaC在增强增韧材料、电极材料、电催化材料等应用领域的国内外研究进展。讨论了当前一维HfC、ZrC、TaC原料价格昂贵、原料利用率低、制备工艺复杂等尚存的问题,并且对其未来研究方向的发展趋势提出了展望。HfC,ZrC and TaC exhibit excellent properties such as ultra-high melting point,good high temperature resistance,oxidation resistance,chemical corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength.One-dimensional HfC,ZrC and TaC not only enjoy excellent performance of their bulk materials but also have good mechanical properties of one-dimensional materials.Therefore,they have attracted extensive attention as toughening materials,high temperature protection materials,electronic materials,electrochemical catalytic materials and hydrogen storage material.Preparation methods of one-dimensional HfC,ZrC and TaC by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)methods,organic precursor transformation method and molten salt method are reviewed.Research progress of one-dimensional HfC,ZrC and TaC used as toughening and strengthening material,electrode material and electrocatalytic material is reviewed.Existing problems of one-dimensional HfC,ZrC and TaC are discussed,such as high cost and low utilization rate of raw material and complex preparation process.Development trend of the future research direction of one-dimensional HfC,ZrC and TaC is proposed.

关 键 词：一维材料 碳化铪 碳化锆 碳化钽 生长机制 影响因素 

分 类 号：TQ127.12[化学工程—无机化工]