混凝土全寿命周期固碳技术研究进展  

Progress on Carbon Sequestration Technologies for the Full Life-cycle of Concrete

作　　者：杨海涛 练鑫晟 柳苗 孙国文[1,2,3] 王伟 YANG Haitao;LIAN Xinsheng;LIU Miao;SUN Guowen;WANG Wei(Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control,Ministry of Education,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanics Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障省部共建教育部重点实验室,石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [3]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第2期75-82,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52208278);京津冀基础研究合作专项项目(E2021210136);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z1504G);石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院开放课题。

摘　　要：混凝土制备产生的碳排放占建筑业碳排放的28%,固碳技术成为实现“双碳”目标的关键。混凝土固碳技术是指利用CO_(2)与混凝土孔溶液中碱金属离子(如Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+))或水化产物的碳化反应生成稳定的碳酸盐来实现CO_(2)的封存。碳化反应会影响孔溶液、孔结构和水化产物的特性,进而影响混凝土的力学和耐久性能。本文围绕混凝土全寿命周期(拌合、养护、服役、二次利用),对混凝土固碳技术进行总结,对不同固碳技术的碳化机理、技术特点和固碳潜力进行了论述。拌合阶段注入CO_(2)可促使混凝土主动碳化,但会消耗能量并产生新的碳排放。碳化养护可提高混凝土早期强度,但致密的碳化产物限制了碳化的进一步发展。服役阶段的碳化无需人为干预,固碳潜力大,但其碳化速率较低。二次利用阶段的碳化不仅可实现CO_(2)封存,还可改善再生骨料的品质。对现有技术进行优化、引入新材料和新结构形式有助于提升全寿命周期混凝土的CO_(2)封存效率。The carbon emissions generated by concrete preparation currently account for 28%of the total carbon release of the construction industry.The carbon sequestration technologies have become the key to achieving the“dual carbon”goals.Concrete carbon sequestration technologies refer to the utilization of carbonization reactions between CO_(2)and alkaline metal ions(such as Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+))or hydration products in concrete pore solutions generating stable carbonates to achieve the purpose of carbon immobilization.Carbonization reactions can affect concretes from the perspectives of characteristics such as pore solution,pore structure,and hydration products,thereby influencing the mechanical properties and durability of concrete.This paper summarizes the carbon sequestration technologies of concrete throughout its full life-cycle(mixing,curing,servicing,and secondary utilization),and systematically discusses the carbonization mechanism,technical characteristics,and storage potential of different carbon sequestration technologies.It has been clarified that injecting CO_(2)during mixing can promote the carbonization of concrete,but consumes energy and causes additional carbon emissions.Carbonization curing can improve the early strength of concrete,but the dense carbonization products limit the further development of carbonization.The carbonization of servicing concretes does not require human intervention and has great potential for carbon sequestration,but its process is relatively sluggish.The carbonization during the secondary utilization stage can not only achieve CO_(2)storage,but also improve the quality of aggregates.It is suggested that optimizing existing technologies and introducing new materials and structural forms can improve the CO_(2)immobilzation efficiency of concrete throughout its full life-cycle.

关 键 词：混凝土 全寿命周期 固碳 碳化机理 碳化养护 “双碳” 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]