方东树与苏黄优劣之争  

On Fang Dongshu and the Controversy of Pros and Cons of Su Shi and Huang Tingjian's Poems

作　　者：刘旭岚 汪孔丰 LIU Xuan;WANG Kongfeng(College of Humanities,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246011,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学人文学院,安徽安庆246011

出　　处：《合肥大学学报》2024年第6期46-52,93,共8页Journal of Hefei University

基　　金：安徽省高校协同创新项目"桐城派文献整理与数字化"(GXXT-2022-100)。

摘　　要：清代诗学史上苏黄优劣之争比较激烈,主要形成了三种看法,或祖苏祧黄,或崇黄抑苏,或未寓褒贬。这场争论也影响到了桐城方东树,他在继承桐城前贤诗学思想的基础上,在《昭昧詹言》中对苏黄优劣之分也表达了自己独到的见解,在清代诗学史上具有重要意义。方东树推崇苏轼的古体诗,认为苏轼古体诗胜于黄庭坚,并且指瑕苏诗,提出以黄药苏,挽救创作滑熟流易、伤于巧的弊病。在创作实践中,方东树汲取苏黄优点,隶事典则贴切,大量使用自注;以文法为诗,注重章法;学习苏黄的奇纵之势,以阳刚为美,显示出明显的学宋特征,为桐城诗派参与构建嘉道宗宋诗风奠定了基础。In the poetic history of Qing Dynasty,the controversy on the pros and cons of Su Shi and Huang Tingjian's poems was fierce.There were mainly three views,either worshiping Su and belittering Huang,or worshiping Huang and depreciating Su,or not praising or criticizing both of the two.This controversy also affected Fang Dongshu in Tongcheng,who,on the basis of inheriting the po-etic ideas of the former sages of Tongcheng,also expressed his unique views on the distinction be-tween pros and cons of Su and Huang's poems in his Zhao Mei Zhan Yan,which is of great signifi-cance in the history of poetics in the Qing Dynasty.Fang Dongshu admired Su's ancient style poems,believed that Su's ancient style poems were better than Huang's,and pointed out the flaws of Su's po-ems,and proposed to use the method of Huang's to make up for the shortcomings of creation.In his creative practice,Fang Dongshu took advantages of Su and Huang's poems,to use appropriate allu-sions with a lot of self-notes,pay attention to grammar and composition of poems,learn from Su and Huang's poetic skills with masculine beauty,which shows obvious poetic characteristics of the Song Dynasty and lays the foundation for the Tongcheng Poetry School to build its poetic style of the Song dynasty.

关 键 词：方东树 《昭昧詹言》 苏轼 黄庭坚 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学] I254