河流型水源泵站取水口卷吸效应的物理模型试验研究  

Physical Model Experiment on the Entrainment Effect of River-type Water Source Pump Station Intake

作　　者：熊伶 田威 伍中航 颜涛 杨立凡 何斌 周松涛 聂歆 程娟 XIONG Ling;TIAN Wei;WU Zhong-hang;YAN Tao;Yang Li-fan;HE Bin;ZHOU Song-tao;NIE Xin;CHENG Juan(Chongqing Western Water Resources Development Co.LTD,Chongqing 400050,China;Jiangsu Hohai Academy of Environmental Science Co.LTD,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fisheries Institute,Chengdu 611731,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市西部水资源开发有限公司,重庆400050 [2]江苏河海环境科学研究院有限公司,江苏南京210000 [3]四川大学山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室,四川成都610065 [4]四川省农业科学院水产研究所,四川成都611731

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第1期16-21,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：长江和嘉陵江取水口生态保护关键技术研究与应用(CQSLK-2022027)。

摘　　要：河流型水源泵站取水对河道内鱼类早期资源的卷吸效应会对河流鱼类资源产生不利影响。研究选择长江金刚沱泵站取水口,开展了不同取水口方案卷吸效应物理模型试验。研究结果表明,取水箱两侧钢板高度和引水管布置方向会影响卷吸效应,低侧板方案卷吸效应最明显,其产生的平均横向流速和平均垂向流速约为高侧板方案的1.4~1.8倍,并在纵向上对流速具有更为明显的减缓作用,使原本的河道纵向流速平均下降了30%。引水管垂向布置的卷吸效应范围比侧向布置宽约1.5~2 m,垂向管的卷吸范围在取水箱两侧均匀分布,侧向管布置引起卷吸效应在取水箱顶部产生约2.5~4 m的偏移。卷吸效应范围受河道流量影响,低流量工况下,不同方案的卷吸范围在13.5~18.5 m之间,与高流量工况相比,各方案的卷吸范围有小幅增大,平均增大了1.1倍。根据卷吸效应范围,研究中的高侧板侧向管方案最优,其较高的侧板和侧向引水管的布置型式能够减小卷吸效应,取水头部两侧较高的钢板能够对水流产生阻隔作用,一定程度上减缓了引水管直接对水流的卷吸,研究可为取水工程设计优化提供科学依据。The entrainment effect of water intake from river-type water source pumping stations can have adverse impacts on the early-stage fish resources within the river.This study conducted physical model experiments on the entrainment effect at the water intake of the Jin Gang Tuo Pumping Station in the Yangtze River,using different water intake schemes.The results indicate that the height of the steel plates on both sides of the water intake box and the arrangement direction of the diversion pipes can influence the entrainment effect.The low-side plate scheme exhibits the most pronounced entrainment effect,with the resulting average lateral and vertical flow velocities being approximately 1.4~1.8 times higher than those of the high-side plate scheme.Moreover,it has a more significant decelerating effect on the flow velocity in the longitudinal direction,leading to a 30%average decrease in the original longitudinal flow velocity of the river.The entrainment effect area of vertically arranged diversion pipes is approximately 1.5~2 m wider than that of lateral diversion pipes.The entrainment area of the vertical diversion pipes is evenly distributed on both sides of the water intake box,while the lateral arrangement causes a deviation of approximately 2.5~4 m in the entrainment effect on both sides of the water intake box.The entrainment effect area is influenced by the river flow,with under low-flow conditions,the entrainment area for different schemes being between 13.5~18.5 m.Compared with the high flow condition,the entrainment area of each scheme is slightly increased,with an average increase of 1.1 times.Based on the entrainment effect area,the lateral diversion pipes scheme with high-side plates in this study is considered optimal.Its higher side plates and lateral diversion pipes arrangement contributed to reducing the entrainment effect.The elevated steel plates on both sides of the intake obstructed the water flow to some extent,alleviating the direct entrainment of water by the inlet pipes.This study provides a

关 键 词：卷吸效应 取水工程 流场 物理模型 

分 类 号：TV671[水利工程—水利水电工程]