河岸过滤在我国农村供水的未来应用展望  

Prospects for the Future Application of Riverbank Filtration in China′s Rural Water Supply

作　　者：李孜瑞 毛德发 付昆明[1] 李连香[2] LI Zi-rui;MAO De-fa;FU Kun-ming;LI Lian-xiang(Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies,Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment(Ministry of Education),Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Irrigation and Drainage Development Center,Beijing 100054,China;Beijing Water Supply Management Center,Beijing 100195,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室中-荷污水处理技术研发中心,北京100044 [2]中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京100054 [3]北京市供水管理事务中心,北京100195

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第1期149-154,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52370024);北京建筑大学科学研究基金(101101402)。

摘　　要：农村地区的生活饮用水安全问题一直备受社会关注。近年来,农村地区的供水安全保障水平显著提升,水质也得到明显改善。然而,部分农村地区受到经济条件的限制,现仍面临着水处理设施落后、处理效率不高等问题。为提升农村供水水质总体保障水平,从取水源头着手,探索改善水质的解决方案,提出采用河岸过滤技术作为一种可以进行预处理的源头取水方式,缓解后续水处理环节的压力。河岸过滤是指通过在河流或湖泊周边取水,地表水在穿过含水层介质并与地下水混合的过程中,受到物理、化学和生物作用,既可以净化水质,也可以补充地下水的一种饮用水生产方法。通过对河岸过滤技术的原理和污染物去除机制的深入分析,探讨该技术在我国农村供水领域应用所面临的前景和挑战。河岸过滤技术不仅可以显著降低水源水的浊度,减少有害微生物的含量,还能够有效去除水中的溶解性有机物,对NH4+-N和新污染物也有一定程度的控制作用,这在提升农村供水水质方面表现出了巨大的应用潜力。然而,目前河岸过滤在实际应用中还面临着一些挑战。例如,长期运行可能会导致滤层的堵塞,或者也有可能受到极端水文条件的影响,降低其过滤效果等。尽管如此,河岸过滤技术作为一种经济、可行的供水预处理工艺,在提升水处理效率、扩大常规水处理工艺应用范围以及降低消毒副产物等方面具有广阔的发展应用前景。随着技术的不断改进和推广,河岸过滤技术有望为解决农村地区的饮水安全问题开辟新的道路,为农村居民提供更好的生活条件和健康保障。The safety of drinking water in rural areas has always garnered widespread attention from society.In recent years,significant improvements have been made in the safety and security of water supply in rural areas,as well as in water quality.However,due to economic constraints,many rural areas still lack advanced water treatment facilities,resulting in inefficiencies and various other challenges in water treatment.To comprehensively enhance the overall protection level of rural water supply and water quality,this paper initiates discussion from the perspective of water intake sources,delving into innovative solutions to enhance water quality,specifically proposing the utilization of riverbank filtration technology.Riverbank filtration technology,as a pre-treatment method,can be concurrently implemented at water intake sources,effectively alleviating subsequent pressure on the water treatment process.This natural method involves extracting water from the periphery of rivers or lakes,where surface water blends with groundwater as it traverses the aquifer medium.Through physical,chemical,and biological processes,this riverbank filtration method purifies the water source,while also replenishing and elevating groundwater levels.This paper discusses the prospects and challenges to be faced by the application of riverbank filtration technology in the field of rural water supply in China through in-depth analyses of the principles of riverbank filtration technology and the mechanism of pollutant removal.Riverbank filtration technology can not only significantly reduce the turbidity of the source water and reduce the content of harmful microorganisms,but also effectively remove dissolved organic matter in the water,and it also has a certain degree of control of NH4+-N and new pollutants.These advantages in improving the quality of rural water supply water has shown great potential for application.However,riverbank filtration technology currently faces a number of challenges in practical application.For example,riverbank fil

关 键 词：河岸过滤 农村供水 水质改善 预处理 饮用水安全 

分 类 号：TV671[水利工程—水利水电工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]