潮州市儿童手足口病EV71疫苗犹豫及影响因素分析  

Analysis of EV71 vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors for Hand-Foot-Mouth disease in Children in Chaozhou city

作　　者：林敏娜 郑端增 李康生[1] Lin Minna;Zheng Duanzeng;Li Kangsheng(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou,Guangdong 515041,China;Chaozhou Health School,Guangdong Province,Chaozhou,Guangdong 521041,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院,广东汕头515041 [2]广东省潮州卫生学校,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2025年第2期147-153,共7页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

摘　　要：目的调研潮州市6月龄~5岁儿童EV71疫苗接种的现状,围绕儿童家长对EV71疫苗的疫苗犹豫、认知情况,分析其影响因素,为改善EV71疫苗接种现状提供建议。方法于2023年5-7月在潮州市每个县区(湘桥区、潮安区、饶平县)各选取2个卫生院(社区卫生服务中心)进行整群抽样。使用调查问卷的方式,对社区卫生服务中心周边儿童家长资料的收集,包括家长基本信息、疫苗犹豫、疫苗认知情况等。结果发放问卷共487份,有效回收453份。调查数据显示,接受调查的家长中有45.92%已接种EV71疫苗。Logistic回归分析显示,家长存在一定的疫苗犹豫,主要在于疫苗安全性及有效性方面。家庭年收入>20万元的、受教育水平在大专/本科的、居住地在城镇的家长犹豫得分较低。而疫苗犹豫得分低的更倾向为孩子接种EV71疫苗,疫苗认知水平得分高的家长更倾向孩子接种。结论政府相关部门应保证EV71疫苗的质量和安全性;定期进行培训和考核疫苗接种人员;加大手足口病和EV71疫苗的宣传科普力度,特别是疫苗安全性和有效性的相关科普,树立疫苗接种的信心。Objective To survey the status of EV71 vaccination among children aged 6 months to 5 years in Chaozhou city,focusing on parental vaccine hesitancy and awareness regarding the EV71 vaccine,and to analyze the influencing factors to provide recommendations for improving the current EV71 vaccination situation.Methods Cluster sampling was conducted from May to July 2023 in Chaozhou City,selecting two health centers(community health service centers)in each district(Xiangqiao District,Chao'an District,and Raoping County).Data were collected through questionnaires from parents of children surrounding the community health service centers,including basic information of parents,vaccine hesitancy,and vaccine cognition.Results A total of 487 questionnaires were distributed,with 453 valid responses.The survey data showed that 45.92%of the parents surveyed had vaccinated their children with the EV71 vaccine.Logistic regression analysis indicated that parents exhibited a certain degree of vaccine hesitancy,primarily concerning the safety and efficacy of the vaccine.Parents with an annual household income greater than 200,000 RMB,those with education levels at the college/university level,and those living in urban areas had lower hesitancy scores.Parents with lower vaccine hesitancy scores were more inclined to vaccinate their children with the EV71 vaccine,and parents with higher vaccine cognition levels were more likely to have their children vaccinated.Conclusions Relevant government departments should ensure the quality and safety of the EV71 vaccine;regularly train and assess vaccination personnel;and enhance public education and promotion on hand-foot-mouth disease and the EV71 vaccine,particularly focusing on the safety and efficacy of vaccines to build confidence in vaccination.

关 键 词：手足口病 EV71疫苗 疫苗犹豫 影响因素 

分 类 号：S85[农业科学—兽医学]